Nouveau

Art Nouveau and Jugendstil: Horta and Guimard in iron and glass, Gaudi in Barcelona, Mucha in print, and the whiplash line that ran through all of it.

Part of Design

60 moments in this segment.

1. 1883 - Casa Vicens facade. Gaudi's first substantial building, a summer house for the tile manufacturer Manuel Vicens in the carrer de les Carolines, built between 1883 and 1885. The chequered green and white tile comes from the client's own trade.
2. 1883 - Casa Vicens ground floor plan. The ground floor plan, with rooms packed around a small hall on a narrow plot. Gaudi was twenty-nine and newly qualified, and the plan is far more conventional than the surface treatment that covers it.
3. 1883 - Castellers inside the church of Sagrada de Familia of Antonio Gaudí. + Römer painted this oil painting, the motif of which was created from a photo collage generated on the computer. This photo collage was in itself composed of two original photographs by the German-Russian artist duo: One was from a photograph of the interior of the Sagrada Familia church. This church in Barcelona was built according to the plans of the architect Antonio Gaudí and was completed in 1926. This photo of the collage was created on March 23, 2017. The other original.
4. 1883 - Vicens Plano emplazamiento. 1883.
5. 1885 - Palmetto railing from the Casa Vicens. The cast iron palm-frond railing from the Casa Vicens, now in the Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya. Gaudi took the motif from the dwarf palm growing on the site and repeated it around the whole enclosure.
6. 1889 - Barcelona - Carrer de les Carolines - View NNW on Casa Vicens 1889 Antoni Gaudí II. Barcelona - Carrer de les Carolines - View NNW on Casa Vicens 1889 Antoni Gaudí. The source names Txllxt TxllxT.
7. 1892 - Pontifical Seminary at Comillas. Domenech i Montaner completed the seminary at Comillas in Cantabria in 1892, taking over from Joan Martorell. The brickwork and the sculptural programme by Josep Llimona show the Catalan workshop practice exported outside Catalonia.
8. 1893 - Hotel Tassel facade detail. Victor Horta built the Hotel Tassel in the rue Paul-Emile Janson for the engineer Emile Tassel, finishing in 1893. The bowed stone bay sits on an exposed iron frame, and the building is usually taken as the first fully worked Art Nouveau house.
9. 1893 - Hotel Tassel stairway. The staircase hall rises around a slender iron column whose capital breaks into tendrils that continue as painted lines across the wall and as mosaic on the floor. Horta ran the same curve through structure, surface and lamp fitting.
10. 1893 - Sketch of the Hotel Tassel facade. A facade sketch showing how the central bay swells forward between flat flanking walls. Horta pulled the plan around a glazed central well so that a deep Brussels terrace house could be lit from the middle.
11. 1893 - Hotel Tassel elevation. The full street elevation, held in the Horta Museum collection. Iron is used openly in the lintels and the bay support at a time when Brussels practice was to hide structural metal behind masonry.
12. 1894 - Belgique - Bruxelles - Hôtel Tassel - 03. Belgique - Bruxelles - Hôtel Tassel (Art nouveau, architecte Victor Horta, 1893). Dated to 1894.
13. 1894 - Victor Horta Hotel Tassel. 6, Ixelles. The source names Karl Stas. Dated to 1894. Hôtel Tassel, Brussels, 1893-94.
14. 1895 - Design for the Hotel Solvay. A presentation drawing from the Horta Museum collection showing the facade worked out in wash. Horta drew interiors and exteriors in the same sheets because he treated the commission as one continuous object.
15. 1898 - Hotel Solvay entrance. Horta built the Hotel Solvay at 224 avenue Louise between 1895 and 1898 for the chemical manufacturer Armand Solvay, who gave him an open budget. The entrance ironwork and glazing were drawn as a single continuous figure.
16. 1898 - Hotel Solvay facade. Stone, iron and glass on the avenue Louise, with the bays bulging and receding across the width so no two windows repeat. Solvay's money let Horta design the furniture, carpets and light fittings as well.
17. 1899 - Aubecq armchair. An armchair from the Hotel Aubecq, built for the industrialist Octave Aubecq between 1899 and 1902. The house itself was demolished in 1950 and parts of its interior are all that survive, this chair among them.
18. 1899 - Victor horta per j.b. dandois, prototipo di maniglia di porta con le iniziali dell'industriale armand solvay, in ottone dorato, bruxelles 1899. 'Orsay.
19. 1900 - Hydraulic floor tiles. Cement tiles pressed in a hydraulic mould, a technique that let a repeating coloured pattern be made cheaply for floors. Domenech designed for the Barcelona tile trade as well as building, and the two supported each other.
20. 1900 - Victor horta, sedia da sala da pranzo, per l'hotel solvay a bruxelles, 1890-1900 ca. 'Orsay. Hôtel Solvay, Brussels, 1894-1900.
21. 1901 - Horta in the music room of his own house. Horta photographed in the music room of the house and studio he built for himself in the rue Americaine, now the Horta Museum. He designed his own house as a demonstration piece and lived in it until 1919.
22. 1902 - Table by Victor Horta, probably designed for the International exhibition of Turin 1902, collection Hortamuseum. 'arte decorativa moderna. Catalogued among 1900s furniture.
23. 1903 - Two-branch electric wall light. A wall fitting for electric bulbs, the arms drawn as a single stem splitting in two. Electric lighting was new enough that Horta was designing the fitting and the effect together rather than adapting a gas bracket.
24. 1903 - Maison Sander Pierron. Horta built this narrow house at 157 rue de l'Aqueduc in 1903 for the writer and art critic Sander Pierron. On a restricted plot he used the whole width for glazing and pushed the ornament into the ironwork.
25. 1904 - Casa Batllo facade and section. Antoni Gaudi's drawing of the facade and section submitted for the remodelling of an existing 1877 block on the Passeig de Gracia. He was rebuilding a building rather than starting from ground, which shaped the odd bone-like structure of the lower floors.
26. 1904 - Casa Batllo ventilation scheme. A section diagramming the natural ventilation of the block, with the central lightwell drawing air up through the building. Gaudi graded the blue tiling of that well from pale at the bottom to deep at the top to even out the light.
27. 1904 - Casa Batllo project drawings. The project drawings for the remodelling, which Gaudi submitted to the Barcelona city council. The council initially objected that the building exceeded the permitted envelope, and the work proceeded anyway.
28. 1906 - Casa Batllo under construction. Domenec Sugranes i Gras photographed the works in progress in 1906. Sugranes was Gaudi's assistant and later took over the Sagrada Familia after Gaudi's death in 1926.
29. 1906 - Casa Battlo interior door mosaics. Glazed mosaic set into the joinery of an interior door. Gaudi ran a small workshop of craftsmen on site so that carpentry, glass and ceramic could be adjusted against each other during the build rather than ordered from drawings.
30. 1906 - Casa Batllo principal salon. The main salon on the piano nobile, its ceiling drawn into a spiral around the light fitting and the window mullions cut as slender bone-like shafts. Gaudi worked the whole floor as a single curved volume.
31. 1906 - Casa Batllo salon interior. An interior view of the salon showing how little straight line survives in the room, with door frames, ceiling and glazing all carried on curves. Gaudi used timber bent to full-size templates cut on site.
32. 1906 - Casa Batillo, Gaudi, finished 1906 (9). ). The source names Richard Mortel from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Casa Batlló, Barcelona, 1904-06.
33. 1906 - Interior Casa Batlló. (1927). Dated to 1906.
34. 1906 - Casa Battló Barcelona mosaics interieur 21. 43 on Paseo de Gracia. Originally, the building was built in 1877 by Emilio Sala Cortés (one of Gaudí’s architecture professors), when there was still no electric light in Barcelona. In 1903 it was purchased by Mr Josep Batlló y Casanovas, a textile industrialist who granted full creative freedom to Antoni Gaudí, who fully reformed the house between 1904 and 1906.
35. 1906 - Casa Battló Barcelona door interieur 26. 43 on Paseo de Gracia. Originally, the building was built in 1877 by Emilio Sala Cortés (one of Gaudí’s architecture professors), when there was still no electric light in Barcelona. In 1903 it was purchased by Mr Josep Batlló y Casanovas, a textile industrialist who granted full creative freedom to Antoni Gaudí, who fully reformed the house between 1904 and 1906.
36. 1906 - Casa Battló Barcelona wood panel interieur 27. 43 on Paseo de Gracia. Originally, the building was built in 1877 by Emilio Sala Cortés (one of Gaudí’s architecture professors), when there was still no electric light in Barcelona. In 1903 it was purchased by Mr Josep Batlló y Casanovas, a textile industrialist who granted full creative freedom to Antoni Gaudí, who fully reformed the house between 1904 and 1906.
37. 1906 - Casa Battló Barcelona 07 light fixture. 43 on Paseo de Gracia. Originally, the building was built in 1877 by Emilio Sala Cortés (one of Gaudí’s architecture professors), when there was still no electric light in Barcelona. In 1903 it was purchased by Mr Josep Batlló y Casanovas, a textile industrialist who granted full creative freedom to Antoni Gaudí, who fully reformed the house between 1904 and 1906.
38. 1906 - Monograma Batlló. Monograma del oratorio de la Casa Batlló, de Antoni Gaudí (1909), yeso con alma de hierro. Dated to 1906.
39. 1906 - SeccióBatllo. Secció esquemàtic de la casa Batlló (1904-1906), obra d'Antoni Gaudí (Barcelona, Catalunya).
40. 1906 - CasaBatllo 0093. Casa Batlló - Barcellona Antoni Gaudi. Dated to 1906.
41. 1906 - ES - Casa Batlló 3. 1906.
42. 1907 - Casa Batllo shortly after completion. The facade photographed soon after the 1905 to 1907 works finished, the trencadis of broken glass and ceramic still unweathered. Josep Maria Jujol worked on the colour of the surface with Gaudi.
43. 1907 - Casa Batllo with the Pathe Freres shop. The ground floor carried a Pathe Freres photography shop in the years just after completion. The commercial tenancy on the street front is a reminder that the block was an investment property for the textile manufacturer Josep Batllo.
44. 1908 - Catenary model. A hanging model of weighted strings whose curves, inverted, give the compression lines of an arch. Gaudi used this method rather than calculation to work out the structure of the Colonia Guell crypt and later the Sagrada Familia.
45. 1908 - Casa Fuster elevation drawing. The elevation drawing for the Casa Fuster, dated 1908. Domenech built in white marble here rather than the stone and brick of his earlier work, and the columns carry capitals cut individually.
46. 1909 - Monogram in the Casa Batllo oratory. Gaudi modelled this ceiling monogram for the oratory of the Casa Batllo in 1909, in plaster over an iron armature. The Marian and Christological letters were part of the devotional programme he attached to the building.
47. 1910 - Drawing of the Casa Vicens. A drawing of the house by Francesc Berenguer and Aleix Clapes. Berenguer worked as Gaudi's closest collaborator for two decades without ever qualifying as an architect, and much of what is signed Gaudi passed through his hands.
48. 1911 - Casa Fuster. Domenech i Montaner completed the Casa Fuster on the Passeig de Gracia in 1911, built for Mariano Fuster. It was reportedly the most expensive house built in Barcelona at the time and was the last building Domenech put up in the city.
49. 1912 - Casa Mila rooftop chimneys. The chimney and ventilator stacks on the roof of the Casa Mila, finished in 1912 and known locally as La Pedrera. Each stack is individually modelled, turning the servicing of the building into its most photographed feature.
50. 1912 - Casa Mila. The Passeig de Gracia front, cut as a continuous undulating stone cliff with wrought iron balconies by Josep Maria Jujol. The building carries no straight structural wall on its street elevation, the floors resting on columns and beams behind.
51. 1912 - Font-Montaner family pantheon. Lluis Domenech i Montaner built this family pantheon at Canet de Mar in 1912. Domenech worked in the same Barcelona decades as Gaudi and argued in print for a modern Catalan architecture built from local craft trades.
52. 1912 - Gaudi-casaMila-planol. Reproducció de la planta de la casa Milà apareguda a la revista "Cuadernos de Arquitectura y Urbanisme" l'any 1977. The source names Antoni Gaudí. Dated to 1912.
53. 1913 - Sagrada Familia side facade. Josep Salvany i Blanch photographed the Nativity facade in 1913, its sculpture still being modelled. Gaudi cast plaster from live models and from animal carcasses to get the figures, a method his assistants continued after 1926.
54. 1914 - René lalique, pannelli architettonici con due piccioni, 1914
55. 1917 - Sagrada Familia under construction. The temple under works, published in the review Iberica in March 1917. Construction depended on donations and moved at the rate the alms allowed, which Gaudi accepted as a condition of the commission.
56. 1918 - The Town Crier, v.13, no.14, Apr. 6, 1918
57. 1918 - Victor Horta, circa 1918. Dr. Victor Horta of the Royal School of Fine Arts, Brussels, Belgium. The source names Clinedinst Studio. Dated to 1918.
58. 1920 - Sagrada Familia spiral stair. Marcelli Gausachs photographed one of the helical stairs inside a tower shaft. The stair is a structural spiral without a central newel, the treads cantilevered from the wall.
59. 1963 - HSGH 022-001343-2 - unterer Parkplatz mit Hauptgebäude im Hintergrund. 1963. Blick vom unteren Parkplatz. This is an image of a cultural property of national significance in Switzerland.
60. 1987 - Ettore sottsass per blumhelman gallery, piedistallo coming back from dark-blue maupiti (oh! Love!), 1987, marmo e terrazzo alla veneziana