People

The surgeons, the makers and the patients. Pare, who revived the arterial ligature that Galen had used and medieval Europe had forgotten, and who wrote up the boiling oil himself. Andry, who named the field while writing advice for parents. Thomas and his nephew Jones. Ilizarov in Kurgan, invisible to the West for twenty years. And the people the histories usually leave out: the bonesetters, the limb fitters, the nurses, and the patients whose photographs are the actual record.

Part of Orthopedics

103 moments in this segment.

  1. - Portrait of Ambroise Pare (1510 - 1590), French surgeon
  2. - Portrait of Ambroise Pare (1510 - 1590), French surgeon Wellcome V0004474EL. Portrait of Ambroise Pare [1510 - 1590], French surgeon Forestier. Ambroise Pare revived the ligature of arteries in amputation in place of hot cautery.
  3. - Portrait of Giovanni Girolamo Bronziero (Bronzerius), 1640. Bronzerius practised medicine in various cities within Venetian territories, ending in Belluno, where he died. Galen, physician to gladiators at Pergamon before moving to Rome, interpreted and transmitted the Hippocratic material.
  4. - Portrait of William Harvey [1578 - 1657], surgeon. Priority disputes are the norm in this history rather than the exception, and the name taught as first frequently differs by country.
  5. - Thomas Brugis: his portrait, with vignettes of the work and equipment of the surgeon and apothecary. Line engraving by T. Cross.
  6. - Illustration of surgical instruments. (1714-1788) "Lectures on the Practice of Surgery" Surgical lectures. Orthopedic surgery is consistently reported as the least gender-diverse of the major surgical specialties in the United States and United Kingdom.
  7. - Illustration of Lectures on the Practice of Surgery. Pott, Percival (1714-1788) "Lectures on the Practice of Surgery" Surgical lectures. Orthopedic surgery is consistently reported as the least gender-diverse of the major surgical specialties in the United States and United Kingdom.
  8. - Portrait of Nicolas Andre (Andry). ). Nicolas Andry de Bois-Regard built the word orthopaedics from Greek orthos, straight, and paidion, child, in L'orthopedie of 1741.
  9. - Ange-Bernard Imbert-Delonnes. Orthopedic surgery is consistently reported as the least gender-diverse of the major surgical specialties in the United States and United Kingdom. Nursing, plaster technicians, brace makers, limb fitters and physiotherapists were overwhelmingly where women actually worked in this field.
  10. - The chirurgical works of Percivall Pott, F.R.S. and surgeon to St. Bartholomew's Hospital. Fleuron T055014-51. Fleuron from book: The chirurgical works of Percivall Pott, F.R.S. and surgeon to St. Bartholomew's Hospital. Percivall Pott described tuberculosis of the spine, which carries his name, in 1779.
  11. - The chirurgical works of Percivall Pott, F Fleuron T055015-3. Fleuron from book: The chirurgical works of Percivall Pott, F.R.S. and surgeon to St. Bartholomew's Hospital. Percivall Pott described tuberculosis of the spine, which carries his name, in 1779.
  12. - M.I.Pyrogov Statue Kirovograd St.Elisavet's Fortress (YDS 4229). The bust of N.I. Pirogov at the territory of military hospital established in the years of 1900-1910 within Saint Elizabeth fortress in Elisavetgrad (now Kirovograd, regional centre in Ukraine). Nikolai Pirogov used plaster casts, triage and women nurses on the Russian side in the Crimean War.
  13. - M.I.Pyrogov Statue Pavlograd City's hospital (YDS 7796). The statue of N.I. Pirogov near the central city hospital in Pavlograd, industrial city of oblast significance in Dnipropetrovsk region of Ukraine. Nikolai Pirogov used plaster casts, triage and women nurses on the Russian side in the Crimean War.
  14. - Portret van Dominique-Jean Larrey, RP-P-1909-1306. Dominique Jean Larrey created the ambulances volantes, horse-drawn units to bring casualties off the field rapidly, and is associated with the origins of triage, sorting by need rather than rank.
  15. - Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister (1827-1912) surgeon. Portrait of The Right Honourable Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister [1827 1912], British surgeon. Joseph Lister published his method in The Lancet in 1867, arguing it through compound fracture, which is an orthopedic problem.
  16. - Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister (1827-1912) surgeon Wellcome V0003615ER. Portrait of The Right Honourable Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister [1827 1912], British surgeon. Joseph Lister published his method in The Lancet in 1867, arguing it through compound fracture, which is an orthopedic problem.
  17. - Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister (1827-1912) surgeon Wellcome V0003615EL. Portrait of The Right Honourable Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister [1827 1912], British surgeon. Joseph Lister published his method in The Lancet in 1867, arguing it through compound fracture, which is an orthopedic problem.
  18. - Professeur Roentgen (inventeur des rayons X, CNews) - btv1b53099422b. Sujet : Röntgen, Wilhelm Conrad (1845-1923) -- Portraits -- 1914-1945 Référence bibliographique : Rol, 81323 Appartient à l’ensemble documentaire : Pho20Rol Image de presse Couverture :.. Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen observed the effect on 8 November 1895 at Wurzburg.
  19. - Bust of Florence Nightingale by John Steell, National Portrait Gallery, London 03. Bronze bust of Florence Nightingale by John Steell, National Portrait Gallery, London, cast in 1859-62 by Alessandro Parlanti from Steell's original marble portrait bust. Florence Nightingale brought sanitation and statistics to military medicine in the Crimean War, including her polar area diagrams.
  20. - Florence Nightingale by Sir John Robert Steell. Circa 1859-62 bronze bust of Florence Nightingale by Sir John Robert Steell (cast by Alessandro Parlanti), on display in the National Portrait Gallery, London. Florence Nightingale brought sanitation and statistics to military medicine in the Crimean War, including her polar area diagrams.
  21. - Rontgen-Schalkwijkstraat. Wall art by the house where Wilhelm Konrad Röntgen, the inventor of X-rays, lived in from 1863 until 1865 in the Schalkwijkstraat in Utrecht. Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen observed the effect on 8 November 1895 at Wurzburg.
  22. - Anne Crawford, the film star, visiting Oswestry and Gobowen Orthopaedic Hospital. Sir Robert Jones, Hugh Owen Thomas's nephew and pupil, was the pivotal organiser of British orthopedics. As surgeon-superintendent for the construction of the Manchester Ship Canal from 1888 to 1893 he organised what is widely described as the first comprehensive accident service in the world, a civilian and industrial origin for trauma systems.
  23. - Robert Jones (surgeon). Sir Robert Jones, Hugh Owen Thomas's nephew and pupil, was the pivotal organiser of British orthopedics. As surgeon-superintendent for the construction of the Manchester Ship Canal from 1888 to 1893 he organised what is widely described as the first comprehensive accident service in the world, a civilian and industrial origin for trauma systems.
  24. - Visit of the Duchess of Kent to Gobowen Hospital and to Oswestry School. Sir Robert Jones, Hugh Owen Thomas's nephew and pupil, was the pivotal organiser of British orthopedics. As surgeon-superintendent for the construction of the Manchester Ship Canal from 1888 to 1893 he organised what is widely described as the first comprehensive accident service in the world, a civilian and industrial origin for trauma systems.
  25. - Johan Messchaert Julius Röntgen Otto Böhler. Johan Messchaert (1857-1922) Julius Röntgen (1855-1932), silhouette 20 x 26 cm; photo of Böhler´s silhouette printed on thick card. Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen observed the effect on 8 November 1895 at Wurzburg.
  26. - Thomas-type leg splint, Europe, 1901-1920. Originally used for hip diseases, the Thomas-type splint was designed to keep the leg still if it was broken and could be used for single and multiple fractures. Hugh Owen Thomas came from a family of Welsh bonesetters and was trained in that tradition before qualifying medically.
  27. - The life of Florence Nightingale (1905). Plate from The life of Florence Nightingale, 1905 by Tooley, Sarah. Southall (New York : The Macmillan Company London : S. H. Bousfield & ). Florence Nightingale brought sanitation and statistics to military medicine in the Crimean War, including her polar area diagrams.
  28. - Caricatured men of various sizes are sitting on chairs watch. Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen observed the effect on 8 November 1895 at Wurzburg. One of the earliest plates is the hand of his wife Anna Bertha Ludwig, with her ring visible.
  29. - Medicina Árabe I (c. 1906) - Veloso Salgado (Sala dos Actos, FCM-UNL). "Arabic Medicine" (c. 1906), by Veloso Salgado. Orthopedic surgery is consistently reported as the least gender-diverse of the major surgical specialties in the United States and United Kingdom.
  30. - Albucasis blistering a patient in the hospital at Cordova.. (Al-Zahwari) blistering a patient in the hospital at Cordova, 1100 AD. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi, latinised Albucasis, of Cordoba, wrote the thirty-volume Kitab al-Tasrif whose final surgical volume was illustrated with drawings of instruments.
  31. - Rehabilitation of British Soldiers From Normandy- the work of the Robert Jones and Dame Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, England, UK, 1944 D21476. Sir Robert Jones, Hugh Owen Thomas's nephew and pupil, was the pivotal organiser of British orthopedics. As surgeon-superintendent for the construction of the Manchester Ship Canal from 1888 to 1893 he organised what is widely described as the first comprehensive accident service in the world, a civilian and industrial origin for trauma systems.
  32. - Injured servicemen learn to walk again during their rehabilitation at the Robert Jones and Dame Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry in 1944. D21459. Sir Robert Jones, Hugh Owen Thomas's nephew and pupil, was the pivotal organiser of British orthopedics. As surgeon-superintendent for the construction of the Manchester Ship Canal from 1888 to 1893 he organised what is widely described as the first comprehensive accident service in the world, a civilian and industrial origin for trauma systems.
  33. - Lance Corporal Whitefield of the Auxiliary Territorial Service pushes an injured RAF armourer on a trolley around the grounds of the Robert Jones and Dame Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry dur. 1944. D21457. Sir Robert Jones, Hugh Owen Thomas's nephew and pupil, was the pivotal organiser of British orthopedics. As surgeon-superintendent for the construction of the Manchester Ship Canal from 1888 to 1893 he organised what is widely described as the first comprehensive accident service in the world, a civilian and industrial origin for trauma systems.
  34. - Oswestry Aelwyd Choir at Oswestry Orthopaedic Hospital. Sir Robert Jones, Hugh Owen Thomas's nephew and pupil, was the pivotal organiser of British orthopedics. As surgeon-superintendent for the construction of the Manchester Ship Canal from 1888 to 1893 he organised what is widely described as the first comprehensive accident service in the world, a civilian and industrial origin for trauma systems.
  35. - Russian High Jumper Valeriy Brumel at USA track meet Madison Square Garden 1965 archival footage. Archival footage of the Soviet high jumper Valery Brumel at Madison Square Garden in 1965, before the motorcycle injury that led him to Ilizarov.
  36. - Brumel Back In Action (1969). British Pathé newsreel of 1969 showing the high jumper Valery Brumel back in action. Brumel's treatment by Ilizarov in 1967 and 1968, after a motorcycle injury, is what brought the Kurgan method to Soviet public attention. Brumel died in 2003.
  37. - RU089 10. 200th Anniversary of the Birth of Nikolay Pirogov (1810-1881) Surgeon. Nikolai Pirogov used plaster casts, triage and women nurses on the Russian side in the Crimean War.
  38. - Surgeon Nikolay Pirogov 0. Russia, Yaroslavl, medical train «Surgeon Nikolay Pirogov». Nikolai Pirogov used plaster casts, triage and women nurses on the Russian side in the Crimean War.
  39. - Joan Headley, part 05 of 06: "History of the Rehabilitation Gazette". Joan Headley on the history of the Rehabilitation Gazette, a publication produced by and for polio survivors. Post-polio syndrome affects survivors decades after the original illness.
  40. - Hippocrates, UCL, Gower Street, London. Bust named Hippocrates at University College London (UCL), Gower Street, London, UK Erected in 1930 above the medical bookshop HK Lewis, this bust is modelled from a sculpted head at the British Museum. The Hippocratic bench, or scamnum, was a wooden traction apparatus with windlasses.
  41. - Japanese-bonesetter-2012. Japanese bone-setting shop (Sekkotsu). Bonesetters were unlicensed, frequently hereditary practitioners of manipulation who persisted alongside and in competition with the medical profession into the twentieth century, and in some regions to the present.
  42. - Sir John Charnley. Short film on Sir John Charnley. Charnley worked at Wrightington, a former tuberculosis sanatorium repurposed as skeletal tuberculosis declined, which is the same institutional pattern seen in polio hospitals.
  43. - Full Interview of Dr. Sabin with Drs. Benison and Felson, 1979. A 1979 interview with Albert Sabin, who developed the oral polio vaccine. Sabin's vaccine followed Salk's and became the main global tool; Sabin died in 1993.
  44. - Sir Robert Jones (1961). Wellcome Library film about Sir Robert Jones, the Liverpool surgeon who deployed the Thomas splint at the front in the First World War. Jones was the nephew and pupil of Hugh Owen Thomas, who designed the splint in 1875 and died in 1891. Jones also ran the Manchester Ship Canal accident service from 1888 to 1893, a civilian industrial origin for trauma systems.
  45. - Oral history interview with Dr. Patricia J. Numann. American College of Surgeons oral history interview with Patricia Numann. Numann founded the Association of Women Surgeons and became the College's second woman president.
  46. - Oral history interview with Dr. Edward Laws. American College of Surgeons oral history interview with Edward Laws. The ACS oral history programme records careers that the published literature does not.
  47. - Oral history interview with Dr. Edward Copeland. American College of Surgeons oral history interview with Edward Copeland. The interviews cover the mid twentieth century transformation of American surgery.
  48. - Oral history interview with Dr. LaMar McGinnis, Jr.. American College of Surgeons oral history interview with LaMar McGinnis. Long-form interviews are the College's main first-person archive.
  49. - Oral history interview with Dr. John Cameron. American College of Surgeons oral history interview with John Cameron. Oral history captures how surgical training and practice actually changed.
  50. - Oral history interview with Dr. Kathryn Anderson. American College of Surgeons oral history interview with Kathryn Anderson. Anderson was the first woman president of the American College of Surgeons.
  51. - Oral history interview with Dr. Gerald Healy. American College of Surgeons oral history interview with Gerald Healy. The programme has recorded dozens of long-form career interviews.
  52. - Oral history interview with Dr. Thomas Russell. American College of Surgeons oral history interview with Thomas Russell. Russell served as executive director of the College.
  53. - Oral history interview with Dr. David Murray. American College of Surgeons oral history interview with David Murray. Oral history interviews of this kind record training conditions that no longer exist.
  54. - Oral history interview with Dr. LaSalle Leffall. American College of Surgeons oral history interview with LaSalle Leffall. Leffall was the first Black president of the College; he died in 2019.
  55. - The History of Amputation: Dr. Robert Liston – Anatomy, Dexterity, and Amputations. Lecture on Robert Liston and the history of amputation. Liston operated in the years immediately before anaesthesia, when speed was the principal virtue a surgeon could offer.
  56. - Bust of Hippocrates at the McGovern Medical School. Bust of Hippocrates, found adjacent to Webber Plaza and McGovern Medical School. The Hippocratic bench, or scamnum, was a wooden traction apparatus with windlasses.
  57. - Archive Oral Histories: Trevor Protheroe - Rewind. Leonard Cheshire archive oral history with Trevor Protheroe. Disability oral history is where the institutional record is contested by the people inside it.
  58. - Archive Oral Histories: Frances Hopwood - Rewind. Leonard Cheshire archive oral history with Frances Hopwood. Residents' own accounts of institutional life are the least recorded part of this history.
  59. - Archive Oral Histories: Frances Jeram - Rewind. Leonard Cheshire archive oral history with Frances Jeram. The Rewind project recorded residents and staff of the Cheshire homes.
  60. - Oral History Interview: Nick Dance - Rewind. Leonard Cheshire oral history interview with Nick Dance. The Cheshire homes were long-stay residential institutions for disabled people in postwar Britain.
  61. - Archive Oral Histories: Pamela Farrell-Tredinnick - Rewind. Leonard Cheshire archive oral history with Pamela Farrell-Tredinnick. Long-stay disability institutions shaped many lives in the polio and post-polio decades.
  62. - Islamic Medical History - Interview with Mr Sharif Kaf Al-Ghazal. Interview with Sharif Kaf Al-Ghazal on Islamic medical history. Al-Zahrawi, Ibn Sina and al-Razi are central figures whose work reached Europe through Latin translation.
  63. - Surgical History Group Presentation: Overview. American College of Surgeons Surgical History Group overview session. Professional-body history programmes are one of the few places the specialty records its own account.
  64. - Surgical History Group Presentation: Orthopaedics. American College of Surgeons Surgical History Group presentation on orthopaedics. Professional-body history sessions are one of the few venues where the specialty examines its own record in public.
  65. - Plaque on 11 Nelson Street 1. Plaque commemoration pioneer orthopaedic surgeons Hugh Owen Thomas, Robert Jones and Thomas Peter McMurrary. Hugh Owen Thomas came from a family of Welsh bonesetters and was trained in that tradition before qualifying medically.
  66. - Grave of Hugh Owen Thomas 1. Monument to noted surgeon Hugh Owen Thomas, Toxteth Park cemetery. Hugh Owen Thomas came from a family of Welsh bonesetters and was trained in that tradition before qualifying medically.
  67. - Гавриил Илизаров - Кудесник из Кургана. Гении и злодеи. Russian biographical documentary on Gavriil Ilizarov, the surgeon from Kurgan. Ilizarov's device patent is dated 9 June 1952, and his international breakthrough came only after he treated the high jumper Valery Brumel in 1967 and 1968.
  68. - The Man Who Pioneered the Knee Replacement | Dr. Marlowe Goble. Interview with Dr Marlowe Goble on knee replacement. The total condylar knee associated with John Insall at the Hospital for Special Surgery set the pattern for modern designs; Insall died in 2000.
  69. - «Новая высота» космического прыгуна Валерия Брумеля. Ilizarov Centre film on Valery Brumel, the Olympic high jumper treated at Kurgan. Brumel died in 2003.
  70. - Великая наука России. Гавриил ИЛИЗАРОВ.. Russian broadcast profile of Gavriil Ilizarov. The Ilizarov Centre in Kurgan remains an operating institution.
  71. - OMEGA: An interview with Gary Newton, a survivor of Polio. Interview with Gary Newton, a polio survivor. Large populations of polio survivors live worldwide, many in countries where bracing and corrective surgery remain active practice.
  72. - BASIC ILIZAROV SESSION - History of ilizarov and Bangladesh by Prof MM Bari. Professor M. M. Bari on the history of the Ilizarov method and its arrival in Bangladesh. The transfer of the method from Kurgan into South Asian practice is a distinct strand from its Western reception.
  73. - Tales from Surgeons' Hall: Elsie Inglis' Medals. Surgeons' Hall Museums on the medals of Elsie Inglis. Inglis founded the Scottish Women's Hospitals and served in the First World War when the War Office refused women doctors; she died in 1917.
  74. - Global Polio Eradication Initiative History Project - Greg Armstrong. Oral history interview with Greg Armstrong for the Global Polio Eradication Initiative history project. Wild poliovirus transmission persists in a small number of countries, so this is not a closed story.
  75. - Global Polio Eradication Initiative History Project - Ralph H. "Rafe" Henderson. Oral history interview with Ralph Henderson for the Global Polio Eradication Initiative history project. Henderson worked on the World Health Organization immunisation programmes.
  76. - 100 years of Ilizarov Celebrations on OrthoTV: A Tribute to Dr Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov. Long tribute programme marking a hundred years since Ilizarov's birth. Ilizarov died in 1992 and the centre at Kurgan carries his name.
  77. - Women in Orthopaedics Worldwide (WOW) Pioneers video. Women in Orthopaedics Worldwide profiles women in the specialty. Ruth Jackson is documented as the first woman certified by the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery, in 1937.
  78. - Götz of the Iron Hand - Cyborg Knight Prosthetics - European History - Extra History. Extra History on Götz von Berlichingen and his iron hands. The mechanism was articulated and lockable, and it was made by armourers rather than by physicians.
  79. - Николай Пирогов. Травматическая эпидемия. Ледяная анатомия | История российской медицины. Выпуск 3. Russian Historical Society on Pirogov, traumatic epidemic and ice anatomy. Pirogov's frozen cross-sections were an anatomical method of his own devising.
  80. - London Lives = Echoes of the past. The life of 18th-century Eminent London Surgeon, Percivall Pott. On the eighteenth century London surgeon Percivall Pott. Pott gave his name to Pott's disease, tuberculosis of the spine, and to Pott's fracture of the ankle.
  81. - Ambroise Paré | STUFF YOU MISSED IN HISTORY CLASS. Stuff You Missed in History Class on Ambroise Paré. Paré set out the ligature technique in his 1564 treatise and his collected works appeared in 1575.
  82. - History of Ilizarov: Exploring the Legacy of the Godfather of Limb Lengthening - Dr. Quinn Schroeder. Long-form account of Ilizarov's legacy in limb lengthening. His presentation at Bellagio in 1980 is the usual marker for the method reaching Western practice.
  83. - How We Got Here A History of Orthopaedics from the Stone Age to Information Age. University of Washington survey lecture on the history of orthopaedics from the Stone Age to the present. An account that opens with Hippocrates has made a choice, because the Sushruta Samhita of around 600 BCE matches or predates the Hippocratic Corpus on fracture management.
  84. - Paralyzed by Polio at 17 | My Time Inside an Iron Lung. A polio survivor paralysed at seventeen describes life inside an iron lung, recorded by the Mütter Museum. First-person accounts of the polio wards are a small and closing record.
  85. - Overcoming a Lonely Childhood | My Time Inside an Iron Lung. A polio survivor on a lonely childhood spent inside an iron lung, recorded by the Mütter Museum. Long-stay institutional childhood is a defining experience of the polio era.
  86. - Dominique-Jean Larrey and His Flying Ambulance | STUFF YOU MISSED IN HISTORY CLASS. On Dominique Jean Larrey and his flying ambulance. Larrey was Napoleon's surgeon and introduced organised battlefield evacuation and a form of triage; he died in 1842.
  87. - My life as a polio survivor - Sauda Bashir. Sauda Bashir on her life as a polio survivor. Survivor accounts from outside Europe and North America are much less recorded than the Western ones.
  88. - Hearth and Hazard: Dr. Percival Pott and the Chimney Sweeper's Affliction. On Percivall Pott and the chimney sweeper's cancer. Pott's 1775 observation linking scrotal cancer to soot exposure is usually cited as the first identification of an occupational carcinogen.
  89. - Brief History of Bombay Orthopaedic Society By BOS President - Dr Sangeet Gawhale. The president of the Bombay Orthopaedic Society on the society's history. Indian orthopedic tradition is described as having a legacy of more than four thousand years, with fracture and dislocation management set out in the Sushruta Samhita.
  90. - The History of Orthopaedic Trauma | From Stone Age - Sterilization - Antibiotics to Osteosyntheses. Survey lecture on the history of orthopaedic trauma, covering sterilisation, antibiotics and osteosynthesis. Antisepsis took roughly twenty years to be accepted and was then superseded by asepsis, while radiography was adopted within weeks.
  91. - The History of Orthopaedic Surgery - From Bone Setting to Modern Osteosynthesis. Survey lecture on the history of orthopaedic surgery from bonesetting to modern osteosynthesis. Bonesetting is not only a European past: traditional bonesetters remain a major provider of fracture care across sub-Saharan Africa today.
  92. - Ventilated surgical exhaust suit designed by Sir John Charnley. Charnley moved to high molecular weight polyethylene, reduced the femoral head diameter to 22 mm to lower frictional torque, and used polymethylmethacrylate bone cement for fixation. He called it low friction arthroplasty.
  93. - Birth of a Specialty with Dr. Herndon. American Orthopaedic Association conversation with Dr Herndon on the birth of the specialty. The American Orthopaedic Association was founded in 1887 and the British Orthopaedic Association in 1918.
  94. - The Journey of an Orthopaedic Carousel President: An Interview with Ann Van Heest, MD, FAOA. American Orthopaedic Association interview with Ann Van Heest on her presidency. Orthopedic surgery is consistently reported as the least gender-diverse of the major surgical specialties in the United States and the United Kingdom.
  95. - Gavriil Ilizarov and the Limb Lengthening Revolution. Account of Gavriil Ilizarov and limb lengthening. His method was effectively unknown in the West for around twenty years, a gap of language and politics rather than of evidence, and the best single argument for looking beyond the English search surface. Ilizarov died in 1992.
  96. - Doug Interviews Ukrainian Orthopedic Surgeon Iakiv Fishchenko about life, work, and hope in Kyiv. Interview with the Ukrainian orthopedic surgeon Iakiv Fishchenko about working in Kyiv during the war. War surgery is a present-tense discipline, not only a historical one.
  97. - Ludwig-Guttmann-statue-Stoke-Mandeville-hospital-2025. Statue of Professor Sir Ludwig Guttmann in Stoke Mandeville hospital, photographed in November 2025. The Paralympic movement originates with Ludwig Guttmann at Stoke Mandeville, with the first games held to coincide with the 1948 London Olympics.
  98. - Clinical training at Judo therapy school. Bone-setting emerged as a specialised skill in China roughly three thousand years ago, wound physicians are attested from the Zhou dynasty, and die-da is the Chinese bone-setting and traumatology tradition, historically linked with martial arts communities. In Japan the tradition is sekkotsu, whose licensed modern descendant is judo therapy.
  99. - Traditional Tools. Stone tools, beads, projectile points and bone harpoons from late Stone age and Iron Age settings. Orthopedic surgery is consistently reported as the least gender-diverse of the major surgical specialties in the United States and United Kingdom.
  100. - Post-Polio Syndrome Revisited | Interview with a Survivor & Case Insights. Interview with a polio survivor on post-polio syndrome. The syndrome affects survivors decades after the original illness, which is why polio cannot be captioned purely in the past tense.
  101. - Entrez dans l'Histoire - Ambroise Paré : le barbier qui a réinventé la chirurgie I Intégrale. French programme on Ambroise Paré, the barber-surgeon who served four kings. His account of running out of cauterising oil during the Piemont campaign of 1537 to 1538 was published by him in 1545.
  102. - 124. Bonus! JBJS OrthoCorps: An Audio Archive of Stories from the Orthopaedic Community (Part 28). JBJS OrthoCorps, an audio archive of stories from the orthopaedic community. Oral history collections of this kind capture practice that never reached the journals.
  103. - Николай Пирогов: как Русский ученый создал полевую Хирургию и навсегда изменил Медицину. Russian documentary on Nikolai Pirogov and the creation of field surgery. Plaster of Paris priority between Pirogov and the Dutch surgeon Antonius Mathijsen is genuinely contested and taught differently in different countries.
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