Marijuana

Cannabis has been used by people for at least two and a half thousand years. Mourners burned it in braziers in the Pamir mountains around 500 BC, Chinese herbals listed it, Indian texts made it sacred, and for most of recorded history the same plant was rope, sailcloth, paper and medicine. Then in the twentieth century a plant became a crime. Harry Anslinger built a bureau on it, Hollywood made Reefer Madness, a 1937 tax act ended the legal trade, and in 1970 the United States placed cannabis in Schedule I alongside heroin, where, formally, it largely remains. The war that followed filled prisons unequally and never removed the plant from a single city. Alongside all of it, cannabis kept doing what it had always done: it ran through jazz and reggae and hip-hop, it built its own cinema and its own comedy, and it became the subject of real science after Raphael Mechoulam isolated THC in 1964 and researchers found the receptor system it acts on. Then the law began to move, California in 1996, Colorado and Washington in 2012, Uruguay, Canada, Thailand, Germany. This is the whole arc: the plant, the archaeology, the propaganda, the records, the films, the raids, the research and the votes.

A chronological documentary of 571 moments spanning 4800 BC–2026 on Loreline.

Curated by Olivier · last updated 2026-08-22

Eras

  1. - Cord-marked Yangshao amphora, c.4800 BC. Neolithic Yangshao amphora from Banpo, Shaanxi, decorated with cord impressions. Hemp cordage was used to make such marks; the vessel is dated to about 4800 BC and the photograph is a museum record of it.
  2. - Ebers Papyrus, column 41. Column 41 of the Ebers Papyrus, an Egyptian medical text of about 1550 BC. It is among the ancient pharmacopoeias cited for early medicinal cannabis use.
  3. - De historia stirpium, cannabis page. Page from Fuchs's De historia stirpivm commentarii insignes showing the cannabis plant, held by the Wellcome Collection.
  4. - Renaissance herbal cannabis. Cannabis plate from De historia stirpivm commentarii insignes, a Renaissance herbal in the Wellcome rare book collection.
  5. - Fuchs Kräuterbuch hemp, 1543. Hand-coloured woodcut of hemp from the German edition of Leonhart Fuchs's herbal.
  6. - Pulling hemp from the retting pit. Wall painting from the workshop of Guercino showing hemp being pulled from the retting pond.
  7. - Sturm botanical plate, 1796. Copperplate engraving of Cannabis sativa from Jacob Sturm's Deutschlands Flora in Abbildungen.
  8. - Shiva under the influence of bhang. Kangra school painting in opaque watercolour and gold showing Shiva under the influence of bhang, made about 1810-20. Bhang is ritually associated with Shiva.
  9. - O'Shaughnessy's gunjah plate, 1839. Illustration of Cannabis Indica (gunjah) from W. B. O'Shaughnessy's 1839 paper on Indian hemp preparations, the study that introduced cannabis to Western medicine.
  10. - Cannabis Indica materia medica plate. Materia medica illustration of Cannabis Indica, Indian hemp, from the Wellcome Collection.
  11. - Flora Homoeopathica cannabis, 1852. Hand-coloured plate of cannabis from Edward Hamilton's The Flora Homoeopathica, illustrating plants used as homoeopathic remedies.
  12. - Cannabis sativa botanical plate. Classic engraved botanical plate of Cannabis sativa showing habit, flowers and seed detail.
  13. - American Medicinal Plants, 1887. Cannabis plate from American Medicinal Plants (1887), a guide to plants used as homoeopathic remedies.
  14. - Köhler medicinal plants plate. Chromolithograph of Cannabis sativa from Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen, the standard 19th-century atlas of medicinal plants.
  15. - Hashish smokers, Egypt. Orientalist studio photograph captioned Hashishe Smokers, showing two men with long pipes; produced for the Egyptian tourist trade.
  16. - Hashish Smoker, Émile Bernard 1893. Drawing of a hashish smoker by Émile Bernard, one of the works from his time in Egypt.
  17. - Chanvre cultivé, French field atlas. Plate 96 of a French pocket atlas of field and meadow plants, showing cultivated hemp beside flax.
  18. - Botanisches Bilderbuch plate, 1897. German botanical picture-book plate including Cannabis sativa alongside hops and other plants.
  19. - Retting the hemp, Loire c.1900. Postcard of hemp retting at Ingrandes-sur-Loire, a major French hemp district.
  20. - La fumeuse de haschisch, 1900. Orientalist painting by Émile Bernard of a woman smoking hashish, made during the artist's Egyptian period.
  21. - Hemp smoking, Swaziland. Two young men seated, one smoking hemp, from the Wellcome iconographic collections documenting southern African practice.
  22. - Hemp smokers, French Congo. Ethnographic postcard by Jean Audema captioned Types Bassokos, Fumeurs de chanvre, French Congo.
  23. - Fibre plants lithograph, 1902. Lithographed plate of five fibre plants including hemp, from the New International Encyclopedia.
  24. - Hemp spinner, Brittany. Postcard of a hemp spinner at Pluherlin in Brittany in the early twentieth century.
  25. - Hemp retting at Ingrandes. Postcard showing hemp retting on the Loire at Ingrandes in the early twentieth century.
  26. - Parke-Davis catalogue, c.1907. Front page of the Spanish-language Parke, Davis & Co. drug catalogue of about 1907, from the era when cannabis extracts were mainstream pharmacy stock.
  27. - Die Giftpflanzen Deutschlands, 1910. Cannabis illustration from a 1910 German handbook of poisonous plants.
  28. - Hemp and hop family plate, 1911. Plate 28 of the Hoffmann-Dennert botanical atlas showing male and female hemp plants with hops.
  29. - Hemp hurds as paper stock, 1916. Plate from the USDA bulletin Hemp Hurds as Paper-Making Material (1916), the study later cited by hemp-paper advocates.
  30. - Carding hemp in wartime Britain. A female worker carding hemp in a British factory during the First World War, from the Imperial War Museum women's war work collection.
  31. - Demon Rum and the drug monsters, 1919. Oliver Herford editorial cartoon of 1919 showing Uncle Sam beset by Demon Rum and a train of drug monsters including hashish, an early image of American drug panic.
  32. - USDA hemp fibre bulletin. Plate from a USDA bulletin on hemp fibre production, part of the department's fibre investigations programme.
  33. - Hemp winding room, c.1920. The winding room of a hemp mill about 1920, where spun hemp yarn was wound into balls.
  34. - Spanish drug catalogue, c.1925. Catalogue of medicaments from the Laboratorio Farmacéutico Nacional in Spain, about 1925, listing cannabis preparations.
  35. - Louis Armstrong and His Orchestra - Muggles. Recorded in Chicago on 7 December 1928 with Earl Hines; 'muggles' was 1920s slang for cannabis, which Armstrong smoked daily for most of his life.
  36. - Hemp cultivation, Frattamaggiore 1930. Hemp cultivation at Frattamaggiore, from the Touring Club Italiano historical archive. Italy was the world's second-largest hemp producer between the wars.
  37. - Cab Calloway - Reefer Man. Cab Calloway's 1932 hit, the definitive jazz-era 'viper' song, released on Banner and popularised by his appearance in the film International House.
  38. - Benny Goodman and His Orchestra - Texas Tea Party. A 1933 Goodman side with Jack Teagarden; 'tea' was jazz-age slang for cannabis, and the title is a coded joke.
  39. - Bessie Smith - Gimme a Pigfoot and a Bottle of Beer. Bessie Smith's final recording session, 24 November 1933, whose rent-party lyric 'gimme a reefer' put cannabis into a mainstream blues record.
  40. - Marihuana: The Devil's Weed, the full 1936 exploitation feature. Dwain Esper's 1936 exploitation picture, in which a young woman's first joint leads her to pregnancy, prostitution and dope dealing. One of the era's most lurid anti-cannabis films.
  41. - Reefer Madness trailer, Coolidge Corner Theatre revival. A repertory-cinema trailer for Reefer Madness, framing the film's reefers, hot jazz and induced insanity.
  42. - Marihuana (1936) original trailer. The theatrical trailer for Dwain Esper's Marihuana, restored in high definition from the Kino Lorber release.
  43. - Reefer Madness, the full 1936 propaganda feature. The complete cautionary film, made as Tell Your Children and later recut for the exploitation circuit, in which cannabis drives high-school students to manslaughter and insanity. Posted by Shout! Studios.
  44. - Mary Lane in Reefer Madness. Actress Dorothy Short as Mary Lane in Reefer Madness (1936).
  45. - Reefer Madness poster, 1936. Poster for the 1936 exploitation film Reefer Madness, originally released as Tell Your Children, the best-known artefact of anti-cannabis propaganda.
  46. - Reefer Madness film still. Still from the 1936 propaganda film Reefer Madness, which depicted cannabis as a cause of insanity and violence.
  47. - Reefer Madness (1936). The full anti-marijuana exploitation feature, originally released as Tell Your Children and directed by Louis J. Gasnier, in which teenagers are driven to murder and insanity by reefer.
  48. - Stuff Smith and His Onyx Club Boys - You'se a Viper. The 1936 original of the viper anthem, cut by violinist Stuff Smith's band at New York's Onyx Club on 52nd Street.
  49. - Marihuana (1936). Dwain Esper's exploitation feature in which a young woman's first joint leads her step by step into drug dealing, a companion piece to Reefer Madness.
  50. - Reefer Madness: Original Trailer. The original theatrical trailer for the 1936 anti-marijuana feature, promising the drug's 'soul-destroying' effects.
  51. - Assassin of Youth, 1937 scare film part two. The second reel of Periscope Film's preservation scan of the 1937 anti-marijuana exploitation picture.
  52. - Assassin of Youth 1937 trailer. Period trailer for the 1937 anti-marijuana feature, promising a warning about the drug menace among American youth.
  53. - Marihuana Tax Act revenue stamp. The one-dollar revenue stamp issued under the Marihuana Tax Act of 1937, the law that made cannabis effectively illegal in the United States.
  54. - Assassin of Youth (1937). Elmer Clifton's anti-marijuana exploitation feature, preserved by an archival film collection, taking its title from Harry Anslinger's own magazine article.
  55. - Harry Anslinger, 1938. Harry J. Anslinger, first commissioner of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics and the architect of American cannabis prohibition, photographed in Washington in 1938.
  56. - US-Canada marihuana control talks, 1938. Harry Anslinger and Canadian narcotics chief C. H. L. Sharman meeting in Washington on 24 March 1938 to coordinate cross-border marihuana control.
  57. - Rope Making at Charlton (1939). British Pathe newsreel following manila hemp from the Philippines through a Charlton, London rope works, from dockside bales to finished cordage.
  58. - Reefer Madness theatre ad, 1939. Newspaper theatre advertisement for Tell Your Children, better known as Reefer Madness, from 8 July 1939.
  59. - Henry Ford's Plastic-Bodied Car (1941). Newsreel footage of Henry Ford striking the boot of his 1941 plastic-panelled experimental car with an axe to demonstrate the bio-composite body.
  60. - Hemp for Victory: Trailer. Short trailer cut from the 1942 USDA film, showing hemp cultivation and processing into rope for the war effort.
  61. - Hemp for Victory (1942). The US Department of Agriculture wartime film urging American farmers to grow hemp after Japanese conquest cut off Philippine abaca fibre supplies.
  62. - Fats Waller - You're a Viper (The Reefer Song). Fats Waller's version of the viper standard, recorded in 1943; 'viper' was the era's word for a cannabis smoker.
  63. - The Italian Hemp Industry (1944). Silent British Movietone footage shot 30 April 1944 of Italian workers plaiting and loading hemp rope of every type.
  64. - Producer of Marihuana tax stamp, 1945. A United States special tax stamp for a licensed producer of marihuana, issued July 1945 during the wartime hemp programme.
  65. - The Narcotic Story, a 1950s police-sponsored propaganda film. A feature-length 1950s anti-narcotics film produced with police co-operation, dramatising addiction and enforcement for public audiences.
  66. - Hemp fields near Ferrara, 1950. Hemp cultivation near Ferrara in 1950, from the Touring Club Italiano archive.
  67. - Hemp sheaves left to macerate. Sheaves of hemp left in water to macerate, the retting stage that loosens the bast fibre from the stalk.
  68. - Hemp maceration, Italy 1950. Workers at a hemp maceration pond in Italy in 1950.
  69. - Drugs: The Terrible Truth, a 1950s Cold War anti-drug film. A Cold War era short arguing that a single marijuana cigarette leads inexorably to heroin addiction, delivered by a hardboiled narrator in red-scare register.
  70. - The Dangers of Marijuana Addiction, 1951. HISTORY channel presentation of a 1951 scare film warning that marijuana turns an all-American boy into a dope fiend.
  71. - Drug Addiction, 1951 classroom scare film. A black-and-white 1951 educational film warning students that marijuana is a gateway to heroin addiction, in the era's standard escalation narrative.
  72. - The Terrible Truth (1951). Sid Davis classroom scare film from the Prelinger Archives arguing that marijuana is the direct road to heroin addiction.
  73. - Assassin of Youth: 1950s Narcotics Education Film. A later classroom anti-drug film of the same title, produced by the Narcotics Educational Foundation, distinct from the 1937 exploitation feature.
  74. - A 1950s Anti-Drug Educational Film. Full period classroom film on narcotics and marijuana, typical of the American anti-drug education output of the 1950s.
  75. - The Dangerous Drugs, 1956 Narcotic Educational Foundation film. A 1956 film from the Narcotic Educational Foundation of America on barbiturate and amphetamine abuse, part of the same classroom-film apparatus that carried the marijuana message.
  76. - Narcotics: A Challenge to Youth, 1956 teachers' film. A 1956 colour educational film made for teachers, presenting cannabis as the first step in an inevitable slide into narcotic addiction.
  77. - Narcosis, an early-1960s drug education scare film. A colour classroom film dramatising heroin and marijuana use, produced by Golden State and dated by the archive to the early 1960s.
  78. - Anslinger hands over the FBN, 1962. Harry Anslinger transferring command of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics to his successor Henry Giordano in September 1962, ending 32 years in the post.
  79. - The Cave Ropemaker of Castleton (1963). British Pathe film of Bert Marrison, aged 78, the last craftsman making rope by hand inside Peak Cavern in Derbyshire.
  80. - Bob Dylan - Rainy Day Women #12 & 35. The opening track of Blonde on Blonde (1966), banned by some radio stations for its 'everybody must get stoned' refrain.
  81. - Stoned young Americans on national television, 1967. David Hoffman's archival footage of 1967 network TV interviewing young cannabis users, a period document of how the mainstream framed them.
  82. - LSD-25, a 1967 educational scare film. A 1967 colour educational film on hallucinogens and California hippie culture, made in the same production tradition as the anti-marijuana classroom films.
  83. - Narcotics: Pit of Despair, 1967 anti-drug film. A 1967 colour scare film following a teenager from a first joint to heroin addiction, widely shown in American classrooms.
  84. - Universal Newsreel: 1967 marijuana legalisation rally in Los Angeles. Newsreel footage of roughly three thousand demonstrators at one of the earliest American marijuana legalisation rallies, held in Los Angeles in 1967.
  85. - Hippies in Haight-Ashbury, 1967 to 1969. Documentarian David Hoffman's period footage of the Haight-Ashbury scene and its confrontations with the authorities.
  86. - Summer of Love - hippies of San Francisco, 1967. ITN's archival documentary footage from Haight-Ashbury during the Summer of Love, the setting in which cannabis became a generational marker.
  87. - Los Angeles Easter Sunday Love-In, 1967. Kinolibrary archival film of the 1967 Los Angeles love-in, the outdoor gatherings where open cannabis use became a public act.
  88. - The Hippie Temptation, CBS News 1967. The complete CBS News special broadcast on 22 August 1967, reporting on the Haight-Ashbury counterculture and its drug use for a national audience.
  89. - AP Archive: hippie culture in Haight-Ashbury, November 1967. AP newsfilm shot in San Francisco in November 1967 on the drug trade around the Haight-Ashbury hippie scene.
  90. - 1968 television special report - Marijuana. A full 1968 American network special on marijuana, capturing the moment mainstream broadcasting first took the counterculture's drug of choice seriously.
  91. - Marijuana: The Great Escape (1968). Period anti-marijuana dramatised short in which a young racing driver's experiment with cannabis ends in disaster.
  92. - Kees Hoekert with hemp plants, 1969. Dutch activist Kees Hoekert among cannabis plants in 1969; his Lowlands Weed Company openly cultivated hemp to test Dutch law.
  93. - Amsterdam hemp nursery, 1969. Cannabis cultivation in Amsterdam photographed by Anefo in July 1969.
  94. - What Is Marijuana? A 1970 Explainer. CBC Take 30 segment from 1970 explaining what marijuana was and how Canadians were using it, years before legalisation.
  95. - Parents Guide to Marijuana, 1970. Cover of a Seattle-published pamphlet, Parents Guide to Marijuana, from 1970.
  96. - The Jimi Hendrix Experience - Purple Haze, live at the Atlanta Pop Festival. Hendrix performing his 1967 song at the Atlanta Pop Festival on 4 July 1970, six weeks before his death.
  97. - Black Sabbath - Sweet Leaf. Opening track of Master of Reality (1971), built on a riff and a cough sample from Tony Iommi; the record that brought cannabis into heavy metal.
  98. - Weed (1971). Encyclopaedia Britannica educational film surveying cannabis cultivation, its legal status and claimed effects at the height of the early-1970s drug panic.
  99. - Nixon Announces the Fight Against Drugs (1971). Newsfilm shot in Washington on 17 June 1971 covering Nixon's announcement of a massive new federal narcotics effort.
  100. - A Drugs Officer Calls for New Marijuana Law (1972). Newsfilm of 10 February 1972 in which a narcotics officer asks for new marijuana legislation and predicts eventual legalisation.
  101. - Vote Yes on 19, California 1972. Campaign poster for California Proposition 19 of 1972, the first US state ballot measure to legalise cannabis. It was defeated.
  102. - The Drug Abuse Commission Reports (1973). Newsfilm of 22 March 1973 reporting the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse urging an end to criminal prosecution for marijuana use.
  103. - The Marijuana Commission Decriminalization Hearings (1973). Archival film of the US National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse hearings on decriminalisation, preserved by a film archive.
  104. - Special Report: The Nixon Drug Laws (1973). Period television special report on the Nixon administration's drug legislation and the harsh new penalties it introduced.
  105. - DOCUMERICA, Texas 1973. A young couple smoking cannabis in cedar woods near Leakey, Texas, photographed for the EPA DOCUMERICA programme.
  106. - Steve Miller Band - The Joker. The 1973 US number one whose 'I'm a joker, I'm a smoker, I'm a midnight toker' line put cannabis into the vocabulary of American radio rock.
  107. - Smoking pot in the cedar woods, 1973. Two young women smoking cannabis on an outing near Leakey, Texas, from the EPA DOCUMERICA project by Marc St. Gil.
  108. - Legal hashish shop, Kathmandu 1973. A then-legal hashish shop in Kathmandu in June 1973, a landmark of the hippie trail. Nepal banned the trade later that year.
  109. - Bob Marley & The Wailers - Rebel Music (3 O'Clock Roadblock). From Natty Dread (1974); the lyric describes being stopped by Jamaican police with 'no herb' to declare, tying cannabis directly to policing.
  110. - Should Marijuana Be Legalized? (1975). Full 1975 WMAQ Chicago teen discussion programme debating marijuana legalisation with a physician and other guests.
  111. - Toots and the Maytals - 54-46 That's My Number, live at Winterland. Toots Hibbert performing the song about his 1966 imprisonment for cannabis possession in Jamaica, live at Winterland in 1975.
  112. - Neil Young - Roll Another Number (For the Road). From Tonight's the Night (1975), Young's ragged post-Woodstock reckoning; official remastered audio.
  113. - Peter Tosh - Legalize It. The title track of Peter Tosh's 1976 debut solo album, the single most famous cannabis-legalisation anthem in reggae and a record banned by Jamaican radio.
  114. - Bob Marley & The Wailers - Rebel Music, live at the Rainbow Theatre. Marley performing the song at London's Rainbow Theatre in June 1977, one of the best-documented shows of his career.
  115. - Peter Tosh - Legalize It, live at the One Love Peace Concert. Peter Tosh performing Legalize It at the One Love Peace Concert in Kingston, 22 April 1978, the night he lectured the assembled Jamaican politicians on cannabis law.
  116. - Up in Smoke: the police bust scene. An official studio clip from the 1978 feature in which the police raid a party, played for farce against the era's real enforcement climate.
  117. - Up in Smoke - the fattest joint ever, official clip. The 'Labrador' joint scene from Up in Smoke, one of the most quoted sequences in stoner cinema.
  118. - Up in Smoke - original 1978 theatrical trailer. The trailer for Cheech and Chong's first feature, the film that created the stoner-comedy genre and grossed over $100 million.
  119. - Peter Tosh - Bush Doctor. Title track of Tosh's 1978 Rolling Stones Records debut; 'bush doctor' casts the herbalist as healer against pharmaceutical medicine.
  120. - Bob Marley & The Wailers - Easy Skanking. Opening track of Kaya (1978), a slow, unhurried smoking song that helped define the album's mellow reputation.
  121. - Bob Marley & The Wailers - Kaya. Title track of the 1978 album Kaya; 'kaya' is Jamaican patois for herb, and the song is Marley's most explicit hymn to it.
  122. - Rick James - Mary Jane, live TV performance. Rick James performing Mary Jane, his 1978 funk hit whose title is a long-standing slang name for cannabis, on the TV show Soul Alive.
  123. - Cheech and Chong's Next Movie - official trailer. Studio trailer for the 1980 sequel, released by Shout! Studios from the original elements.
  124. - Nice Dreams 1981 trailer. The trailer for the third Cheech and Chong feature, in which the duo sell cannabis from an ice cream truck.
  125. - Nice Dreams: the under the table scene. An official studio clip from the 1981 Cheech and Chong feature.
  126. - Nice Dreams original 35mm trailer scan. A 4K scan of the original 35mm theatrical trailer for the 1981 Cheech and Chong film, transferred from the film print.
  127. - Reagan declares war on drugs and organised crime, 1982. President Reagan's 1982 speech announcing a federal offensive against drug trafficking and organised crime, the policy foundation of the decade's enforcement escalation.
  128. - Fast Times at Ridgemont High - Spicoli orders a pizza. Sean Penn as Jeff Spicoli in the 1982 Amy Heckerling film, the performance that fixed the surfer-stoner type in American film.
  129. - Musical Youth - Pass the Dutchie. The 1982 UK number one by Birmingham teenagers Musical Youth; the original Mighty Diamonds song was 'Pass the Kouchie', a cannabis pipe, sanitised to 'dutchie' (a cooking pot) for radio.
  130. - Still Smokin' 1983 trailer. The trailer for the fourth Cheech and Chong feature, in which the pair are stranded at an Amsterdam film festival.
  131. - Licensed bhang shop, 1983. A licensed bhang shop in Varanasi photographed in January 1983.
  132. - Just Say No PSA With Clint Eastwood. Period public-service spot pairing Nancy Reagan with Clint Eastwood for the Just Say No campaign.
  133. - Bob Dylan - Rainy Day Women #12 & 35, live at Farm Aid 1986. Dylan performing the song at Farm Aid in 1986, backed by Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers.
  134. - Dutch police clear a cannabis greenhouse, 1986. Police removing a large quantity of cannabis plants from greenhouses at Aalsmeer, the Netherlands, in September 1986.
  135. - The Reagans Address the Nation on Drug Abuse (1986). The full televised address of 14 September 1986 by President and Mrs Reagan launching the national campaign against drug abuse.
  136. - Nancy Reagan Introduces Just Say No. Public-domain recording of the first lady's September 1986 anti-drug address, the launch of the Just Say No slogan.
  137. - I learned it by watching you, 1987 anti-drug commercial. The Partnership for a Drug-Free America spot in which a father confronts his son over a box of drug paraphernalia and receives the era's most quoted retort.
  138. - This Is Your Brain on Drugs (1987). The Partnership for a Drug-Free America spot in which an egg is cracked into a hot pan, the single most recognised anti-drug advertisement in the United States.
  139. - Hash Bash, Ann Arbor, 1 April 1988. Full video of the 1988 Hash Bash on the University of Michigan Diag, the annual protest held every April since 1972 after John Sinclair's marijuana conviction was overturned.
  140. - CBS Nightwatch 1990: High Times editor debates Operation Green Merchant. A recorded CBS Nightwatch episode in which High Times editor Steven Hager and Congressman Lawrence Coughlin debate legalisation in the wake of the DEA's Operation Green Merchant, which targeted grow-equipment suppliers and magazine subscribers.
  141. - Brain on Drugs PSA, 1991 Canadian version. A 1991 Concerned Children's Advertisers anti-drug spot, the Canadian counterpart to the American frying-egg campaign.
  142. - Dr. Dre - Nuthin' But a G Thang. The lead single from The Chronic (1992), whose video's backyard-party imagery defined the album that named itself after cannabis.
  143. - Sublime - Smoke Two Joints. Sublime's 1992 cover of The Toyes' reggae song, from 40oz. to Freedom; the version that carried the song into American ska-punk culture.
  144. - Dr. Dre - Let Me Ride. From The Chronic (1992), the album whose title and cover made cannabis the visual signature of West Coast hip-hop; the video won a Grammy.
  145. - Dazed and Confused - official trailer. Richard Linklater's 1993 last-day-of-school film, set in 1976 Texas, that made Matthew McConaughey a star.
  146. - DARE Officials Concede Failure, 1993. Period news item in which DARE programme officials acknowledge the programme's poor results.
  147. - Wu-Tang Clan - Method Man. From Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers) (1993); the video's blunt-passing imagery is a foundational document of East Coast cannabis rap.
  148. - Cypress Hill - I Wanna Get High. From Black Sunday (1993), which came with liner notes citing hemp history alongside the music.
  149. - Cypress Hill - Hits from the Bong. From Black Sunday (1993), the album that made Cypress Hill the most openly pro-cannabis act in hip-hop and put them on the cover of High Times.
  150. - Billion Dollar Crop. Australian 1994 documentary on the history and industrial uses of hemp and the campaign that drove the crop out of legal agriculture.
  151. - Tom Petty - You Don't Know How It Feels. From Wildflowers (1994); MTV censored the line 'let's roll another joint', and the video was shot as a single continuous rotating take.
  152. - Method Man - Bring the Pain. The lead single from Tical (1994), an album so saturated in cannabis imagery that its title is slang for the drug.
  153. - Snoop Dogg - Gin and Juice. The second single from Doggystyle (1993), produced by Dr. Dre; its laid-back G-funk hedonism became shorthand for the West Coast cannabis era.
  154. - AP Archive: Mexican anti-drug forces raid in Oaxaca. AP newsfilm from April 1995 showing Mexican forces destroying illicit crops under US pressure to intensify eradication.
  155. - Friday - official trailer. Trailer for the 1995 Ice Cube and Chris Tucker comedy set over one day on a South Central porch, made for about $3.5 million.
  156. - Cannabis Cup 1995 with Jack Herer, Ben Dronkers and Soma. Archival Cannabis Cup footage featuring Jack Herer, author of The Emperor Wears No Clothes, and Sensi Seeds founder Ben Dronkers.
  157. - The 8th High Times Cannabis Cup, Amsterdam 1995. Feature-length footage of the 1995 Cannabis Cup, the annual Amsterdam competition and festival founded by High Times in 1988.
  158. - Proposition 215: The Medical Marijuana Initiative. Short explainer from the UCI Center for the Study of Cannabis on Proposition 215, the 1996 California ballot measure that legalised medical marijuana.
  159. - The ninth annual High Times Cannabis Cup, 1996. A period documentary of the 1996 Cannabis Cup in Amsterdam, recording the judging, the seed companies and the coffeeshop scene of the era.
  160. - Prisoners of the War on Drugs (1996). Full 1996 documentary on Americans imprisoned under mandatory minimum drug sentences.
  161. - California After Prop 215: A Reporter's Look at the New Medical Marijuana Law. Local TV news report on how California's 1996 Compassionate Use Act played out in practice, and the legal ambiguity it created between state and federal authorities.
  162. - Half Baked: a cheap date with Mary Jane. An official studio clip from the 1998 comedy, one of the film's best-known sequences.
  163. - The Big Lebowski official trailer. The trailer for the Coen brothers' 1998 film, whose protagonist made the perpetually stoned slacker a lasting American archetype.
  164. - Half Baked - official trailer. Trailer for the 1998 Dave Chappelle comedy he co-wrote with Neal Brennan; a box-office disappointment that became a cult staple on video.
  165. - Next Friday - official trailer. Trailer for the 2000 sequel, in which Ice Cube's Craig moves to the suburbs and the franchise expands.
  166. - Bone Thugs-N-Harmony - The Weed Song. From BTNHResurrection (2000), the Cleveland group's harmonised ode to cannabis.
  167. - Afroman - Because I Got High. Afroman's 2000 novelty hit, a chart success in the US and UK that turned a home-recorded joke into the era's best-known cannabis song.
  168. - How High - official trailer. Trailer for the 2001 Method Man and Redman comedy about two smokers who ace their way into Harvard.
  169. - How High - pot ghosts scene. The scene that sets up the film's premise, in which smoking a friend's ashes summons him as a study partner.
  170. - Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back - official trailer. Trailer for Kevin Smith's 2001 film centred on the two dealers who had recurred through his View Askew films since Clerks.
  171. - Hemp stalk cross-section. A hemp stalk showing the woody core and the bast fibre layer that is stripped for rope and cloth.
  172. - Legalising Medical Marijuana (2003). Journeyman Pictures documentary on California's medical-cannabis laws and the resulting conflict between state permission and federal prohibition.
  173. - Harold and Kumar Go to White Castle - original theatrical trailer. Warner Bros.' own trailer for the 2004 comedy, notable for putting two Asian-American leads at the centre of a mainstream stoner film.
  174. - Harold and Kumar Go to White Castle - the White Castle scene. The film's closing payoff, the destination that drives the entire 2004 road comedy.
  175. - Weeds season one trailer. The trailer for the first season of Showtime's Weeds, which ran from 2005 to 2012 and followed a suburban widow who begins dealing cannabis.
  176. - Grandma's Boy trailer. The theatrical trailer for the 2006 Happy Madison comedy, scanned from an original trailer negative.
  177. - Katt Williams on weed, from Pimp Chronicles. The bit from Katt Williams's 2006 HBO special Pimp Chronicles Pt. 1, one of the most-quoted stand-up routines about cannabis.
  178. - Ziggy Marley - Beach in Hawaii. From Love Is My Religion (2006), the album that won Ziggy Marley a Grammy and carried his father's herb-and-faith themes into a new generation.
  179. - Hash Bash 2007 with David Arquette. Footage from the 36th annual Hash Bash on the University of Michigan Diag, 7 April 2007.
  180. - Mechoulam on cannabinoids and neuroprotection. Conference talk describing cannabinoids as anti-inflammatory agents and possible neuroprotectants after brain injury.

271 further moments continue the chronology here. Full text archive: /loreline-text/marijuana.md

  1. - Spinning hemp on a historic wheel. A demonstrator in Schaumburg costume spins hemp fibre into thread on a historic spinning wheel at the Steinhude linen factory.
  2. - Hashish in Sufism and the first war on cannabis. Covers hashish in Sufi practice, the Thousand and One Nights, the earliest recorded campaigns of suppression, and the plant's movement during the Age of Discovery.
  3. - The Waldo 420 tapes, part one. Steven Hager's recorded conversations with the Waldos documenting the origin of the 420 code and its passage into cannabis culture.
  4. - New York's first legal recreational dispensary opens. Report on the 29 December 2022 opening of Manhattan's first licensed adult-use dispensary, run by a nonprofit under the state's equity programme.
  5. - BBC Reel: the prehistoric origins of the Silk Road. Kazakh and European archaeologists survey the Central Asian steppe for traces of the earliest routes that later became the Silk Road.
  6. - Comparing sativa, indica and ruderalis morphology in the greenhouse. Side-by-side greenhouse comparison of the three named cannabis types and how their growth habits actually differ.
  7. - Inside Singapore's deadly war on drugs. Al Jazeera's 101 East investigates Singapore's mandatory death penalty for trafficking, including executions for cannabis, and the government's defence of the policy.
  8. - Mark Bridgen on the propagation of Cannabis sativa. Cornell horticulture professor's webinar on clonal and seed propagation methods for the crop.
  9. - Hemp fibre detail. Close-up of processed hemp fibre.
  10. - Raphael Mechoulam: full unedited CBD Nation interview. Unedited 2018 interview filmed for the documentary CBD Nation, covering Mechoulam's whole research career on cannabinoids.
  11. - Roswell Park: cannabis and cancer for patients. Comprehensive cancer centre session on the evidence for cannabis in supportive cancer care, including nausea and appetite.
  12. - Cannabis glandular trichomes and harvest timing. Cornell hemp webinar by graduate researcher Steven Philpott on trichome development and what it means for harvest decisions.
  13. - Singapore executes a man for cannabis trafficking. TRT World reports Singapore's April 2023 execution of Tangaraju Suppiah for abetting a cannabis shipment, carried out despite appeals from the United Nations and human rights groups.
  14. - Schumer promotes the SAFE Banking Act. Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer argues for legislation to give legal cannabis retailers access to the banking system.
  15. - Amsterdam bans outdoor smoking in the red light district. France 24 reports on the May 2023 street-smoking ban introduced by Amsterdam's mayor as part of a push against nuisance tourism.
  16. - Rastafari win sacramental rights to ganja. Associated Press report on Rastafari communities securing legal recognition of cannabis as a religious sacrament.
  17. - On location at Tel Arad: cannabis and an Israelite cult temple. A walk through the Canaanite city and Israelite fortress at Tel Arad, filmed at the site where cannabis was first identified in Near Eastern religious practice.
  18. - Hormonal regulation of cannabis prenyltransferase genes. Research presentation on the aromatic prenyltransferase enzymes that produce CBGA, the precursor of THC and CBD.
  19. - Dana-Farber on cannabis use during cancer treatment. Cancer centre guidance for adults using cannabis alongside cancer treatment, from the oncology care teams themselves.
  20. - US Botanic Garden: plant science conversations on hemp. National botanic garden discussion with researchers on hemp plant science and its industrial applications.
  21. - Tissue culture to accelerate propagation and combat pathogens. Technical seminar on using in vitro culture to clean plant stock of viruses and pathogens.
  22. - Ancient Egyptian medical uses of cannabis. A short survey of cannabis references in Egyptian medical papyri, including the Ebers Papyrus prescriptions and their modes of administration.
  23. - Agrobiodiversity in cannabis cultivation. A Society for Economic Botany and Society of Ethnobiology conference talk on landrace diversity and traditional cannabis agriculture, recorded at Emory University.
  24. - Medicinal cannabis and cannabidiol in the treatment of epilepsy. CURE Epilepsy webinar reviewing the clinical evidence for cannabidiol since the first FDA-approved prescription CBD medicine.
  25. - German Lawmakers Vote to Legalise Cannabis for Private Use. DW News on the Bundestag vote passing the CanG cannabis law, weeks before it came into force.
  26. - Cornell Keynotes: the versatility of hemp. Cornell keynote on hemp's range of end uses from fibre and grain to construction materials.
  27. - Reuters: Thailand to ban recreational cannabis. Report from February 2024 on the Thai health minister's plan to re-restrict cannabis to medical use only.
  28. - On the frontline of Thailand's war on drugs. SBS Dateline reports on Thai enforcement as the country moved to ban recreational cannabis again, two years after becoming the first Asian state to decriminalise it.
  29. - The Order of Assassins of Medieval Persia. Documentary on the eleventh-century Nizari Ismaili order at Alamut, separating the historical record from the hashish legend attached to them by later European writers.
  30. - Cannabis history in the Middle East. Traces hashish use across successive Middle Eastern regimes, from the medieval period through the early modern era.
  31. - Germany to Partially Legalise Cannabis from April 1. Bloomberg previews the German law days before it took effect, setting out what adults would be allowed to possess and grow.
  32. - CGTN: Germany Has Now Partially Legalised Marijuana. CGTN Europe on Germany's new rules allowing adults to grow up to three plants for personal use.
  33. - Germany Legalises Limited Amounts of Marijuana. Euronews on the German rules permitting adults 25g of cannabis and three home-grown plants from April 2024.
  34. - Germany Partially Decriminalises Cannabis. BBC News on the rules that came into force on 1 April 2024 permitting over-18s to possess and cultivate limited amounts.
  35. - After Germany's Partial Legalisation: The Pros and Cons. DW News from the Berlin celebrations at midnight on 1 April 2024, with debate over what the partial law does and does not permit.
  36. - Germany's new cannabis rules take effect. Channel 4 News explainer published on 1 April 2024, the day German adults could legally possess and grow small amounts.
  37. - The history of DARE. A history-podcast episode on Project DARE, launched in 1983 by LAPD chief Daryl Gates with the Los Angeles Unified School District, and the research that found it ineffective.
  38. - The Hazy Evolution of Cannabis. PBS Eons on the deep evolutionary origins of the cannabis plant, where it was first domesticated, and why it produces cannabinoids.
  39. - Did ancient people smoke cannabis? An archaeologist answers. Archaeologist Smiti Nathan reviews the material evidence for ancient cannabis consumption, from seed finds to residue analysis, and what each type of evidence can and cannot show.
  40. - Stefano Amaducci on hemp agronomy, quality and yield. Italian agronomist's 2024 Cornell hemp webinar on how field practices shape fibre and seed quality.
  41. - Forbes: what rescheduling would mean for the cannabis industry. Business analysis of how a move to Schedule III would relieve cannabis companies of the punitive federal tax treatment under section 280E.
  42. - The Congolese communities living off cannabis. VICE reports from the Democratic Republic of Congo on cannabis growing as a survival economy.
  43. - Teen marijuana use and psychotic disorders, NBC report. NBC News report with medical contributor Dr Vin Gupta on a study associating adolescent cannabis use with elevated psychotic disorder risk.
  44. - Plant tissue culture in cannabis production. Molecular biologist Shannon Smith on why tissue culture matters for clean stock and genetic preservation in cannabis.
  45. - Inside the Amsterdam coffeeshop supply problem. VICE's Weediquette on the Dutch 'back door' paradox: coffeeshops may sell cannabis but cannot legally be supplied with it.
  46. - Cannabis Clubs Allowed to Open in Germany. BBC News on the second stage of the German law, the non-profit cultivation associations permitted from July 2024.
  47. - Glandular trichome structure and biosynthesis. Lecture on the anatomy of cannabis glandular trichomes and the biosynthetic pathway operating inside them.
  48. - Cannabis use and psychosis risk: what we need to know. Washington Poison Center clinical webinar on cannabis-induced psychosis presentations in emergency departments and subsequent risk.
  49. - German Conservatives Threaten to Reverse Cannabis Legalisation. Euronews on the political backlash against the German law and the licensing problems facing cannabis clubs.
  50. - Inside the USDA hemp germplasm laboratory. Zach Stansell of USDA-ARS at Cornell AgriTech on the national hemp germplasm collection and what its accessions reveal about the crop's diversity.
  51. - Kurzgesagt: we have to talk about weed. Science-communication film reviewing the current evidence on cannabis harms, including psychosis risk and dependence.
  52. - Italy's cannabis-light trade threatened by a law change. Reuters report from November 2024 on the Meloni government's bill to shut down Italy's low-THC hemp flower industry.
  53. - Jibran Khokhar on cannabis, vaping and the teenage brain. Talk at the 2024 Amazing Brain Science Talks by a Western University neuroscientist on adolescent cannabis exposure.
  54. - How cannabis is regulated across Europe. Euronews explainer mapping the patchwork of European cannabis laws, from decriminalisation to regulated sale.
  55. - Could German legalisation change European drug policy?. Euronews interview with an EU drugs agency analyst on whether Germany's law shifts policy across the bloc.
  56. - Ontario records study links cannabis and schizophrenia. Report on research covering the medical records of 11.5 million Ontarians after recreational legalisation, finding an association with schizophrenia diagnoses.
  57. - Cannabis use and cardiovascular health: NHANES, MESA and CARDIA. UC San Diego Center for Medicinal Cannabis Research seminar of February 2025 by Jamie Corroon on cardiovascular signals in large US cohort datasets.
  58. - Bhang, India's Sacred Holi Drink. Cultural history of bhang in India, its preparation, its role in Holi and Shiva worship, and its ambiguous legal status.
  59. - Ian Graham: molecular breeding of hemp seed oil varieties. University of York researcher's 2025 Cornell hemp webinar on breeding industrial hemp for seed oil composition.
  60. - Scientific American on the science of THC. Science magazine explainer on how THC acts on the body and brain, and why the effects are so varied.
  61. - Heavy cannabis use in over-45s linked to dementia risk. Report on Canadian research covering six million people aged 45 and older, associating severe cannabis use with later dementia diagnoses.
  62. - This ancient Israelite altar burned cannabis. Religion scholar Andrew Mark Henry examines the cannabis residue identified on the 2,700-year-old Tel Arad altar and what it implies about Judahite temple ritual and Hezekiah's reforms.
  63. - Forbes: US cannabis companies chase a green rush in Europe. Report from May 2025 on American cannabis operators expanding into European markets with friendlier regulation and lower taxes.
  64. - Ann Arbor Hash Bash 2025 with Adam Brook. Archive footage of the 2025 Hash Bash presented by longtime organiser Adam Brook.
  65. - Thailand Moves to Recriminalise Cannabis. Reuters on the June 2025 order restricting cannabis to prescription-only use, upending a billion-dollar industry built after the 2022 delisting.
  66. - Thailand Set to Reverse Decriminalisation of Cannabis. ABC Australia on the Thai government reimposing controls and leaving the industry in limbo.
  67. - CNN: why Thailand reversed its cannabis policy. Report from June 2025 on new Thai rules requiring a prescription, three years after decriminalisation.
  68. - The Lower Sioux Community Builds With Hempcrete. KARE 11 report on the Lower Sioux Indian Community constructing Minnesota's first hempcrete home using hemp grown on the reservation.
  69. - The crumbling business of marijuana. Long-form business analysis of why many legal cannabis companies lost money despite legalisation, covering taxation, oversupply and the persistent illicit market.
  70. - How DARE Was Built and Why It Failed. Long-form investigation of the Drug Abuse Resistance Education programme, its expansion across American schools and the research showing it did not reduce drug use.
  71. - The cannabis pangenome: diversity, genes and evolution. Explainer walking through recent pangenome studies of Cannabis sativa and what they show about the plant's genetic diversity.
  72. - Cheech Marin and Tommy Chong, extended CBS interview. A long-form 2025 CBS Sunday Morning interview with the duo reflecting on their career and the culture they helped create.
  73. - The tomb of the Scythian prince. A French-language archaeology documentary on Scythian burial mounds and the steppe culture Herodotus described inhaling cannabis vapour in closed tents.
  74. - The Marihuana Tax Act of 1937 and its St Louis connection. A local-history presentation on Congressman Thomas C. Hennings Jr and the 1930s legislative push that produced the federal Marihuana Tax Act.
  75. - The come-down from Thailand's cannabis experiment. SBS report from August 2025 on the Thai government moving to outlaw recreational cannabis after a three-year boom.
  76. - Thailand's policy U-turn leaves the industry dazed. SBS report on the Thai health minister's order re-restricting cannabis and its effect on thousands of dispensaries.
  77. - Travelling with Herodotus: The Scythian Nomads. Detailed walk through Herodotus's Book Four on the Scythians of the Black Sea steppe, their customs and their funerary rites.
  78. - New York cannabis retail sales pass one billion dollars. Local news item from September 2025 reporting New York's legal cannabis retail sales reaching 1.06 billion dollars for the year to date.
  79. - Todd Michael: mapping cannabis diversity with a pangenome. Salk Institute genome researcher presents a cannabis pangenome capturing variation that a single reference genome misses.
  80. - The Origins of Cannabis: Deep Roots. Long-form research review of the botanical and archaeological origins of cannabis, drawing on published academic literature.
  81. - Hemp, the Billion-Dollar Crop That Wasn't. Business history of hemp fibre from the 1938 Popular Mechanics 'new billion-dollar crop' article to its near-absence from modern textiles.
  82. - NPR: European cannabis back-pain studies will need US replication. Report on European trial findings that cannabis helps chronic back pain, and why the studies must be repeated in the United States for regulatory purposes.
  83. - Cannabis in Pre-Colonial Africa. How cannabis reached Africa via Indian Ocean trade, its regional names, and the African invention of the water pipe long before modern smoking culture.
  84. - The National Cannabis Study with Ryan Vandrey and Johannes Thrul. Johns Hopkins researchers present the design and early findings of a large national study of cannabis use and health.
  85. - What Schedule III would mean for medical cannabis. NBC report from December 2025 ahead of an executive order fast-tracking cannabis reclassification.
  86. - Lawmakers react to the cannabis rescheduling order. Broadcast report the day after the December 2025 executive order directing that marijuana no longer be treated as a Schedule I drug.
  87. - What the rescheduling of cannabis actually means. Denver station explainer on the executive order moving cannabis from Schedule I to Schedule III and the limits of that change.
  88. - New Czech rules on cannabis cultivation and possession. Prague news item from 1 January 2026, the day a Czech criminal-law reform legalising limited home cultivation took effect.
  89. - Psychedelic posters: a dealers' symposium talk. Ted Bahr of the Bahr Gallery lectures on psychedelic poster art at the International Vintage Poster Dealers Association symposium in New York, December 2025.
  90. - Cannabis Research Institute: cannabis science and the endocannabinoid system. Inaugural session of the CRI Public Research Series, recorded October 2025, surveying cannabis science for a general audience.
  91. - Hemp: A Useful Resource. ARTE documentary following a Saxon farmer trying to re-establish hemp fibre production in Germany after centuries of know-how were lost.
  92. - Rise in psychotic disorder diagnoses linked to cannabis use. CBC report on a Canadian Medical Association Journal study finding a sharp rise in psychotic disorder diagnoses in young people over nearly fifty years.
  93. - Thailand's push to recriminalise cannabis. Bloomberg report from February 2026, four years after decriminalisation, on the crossroads facing Thailand's cannabis market.
  94. - Cannabis and psychosis, a NIMHANS lecture. Lecture by Dr Venkata Lakshmi Narasimha of India's National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences on cannabis-related psychotic illness.
  95. - Are cannabis terpenes therapeutic?. Catherine Cahill of the UCLA Brain Research Institute examines whether terpenes have pharmacological effects beyond their aroma.
  96. - Inside Thailand's cannabis industry. Documentary following three cannabis farmers in northern Thailand as the country's legal framework shifts under them.
  97. - ICRS Ethan Russo Trainee Prize webinar, 2026. International Cannabinoid Research Society webinar presenting prize-winning early-career cannabinoid research.
  98. - Pavel Bém on Czechia's next wave of drug policy reform. Interview with the Czech national drug policy coordinator, a psychiatrist and former mayor of Prague, on the country's regulated-market plans.
  99. - Sexual strategies and chromosome evolution in Cannabis sativa. Daniela Vergara of the Agricultural Genomics Foundation and Cornell on sex determination and sex-chromosome evolution in the plant.
  100. - Cannabis tissue culture for advanced propagation. Carlos Ribelles on in vitro culture techniques for preserving and multiplying medicinal cannabis genetics.
  101. - ARTE: should the state legalise and regulate cannabis?. European public-broadcaster debate documentary weighing state regulation against leaving the market to illicit dealers.
  102. - ABC News: the legalisation debate shifts as reclassification looms. Interview with policy analyst Shanita Penny on how federal reclassification changes the state-by-state legalisation picture.
  103. - Attorney General reclassifies medical marijuana to Schedule III. Breaking report on the April 2026 Justice Department order moving cannabis from Schedule I to Schedule III.
  104. - Colorado virtual hemp symposium, April 2026. State agriculture department symposium with hemp programme, federal agency and public health updates for growers.
  105. - Genetics of powdery mildew resistance in Cannabis sativa. Cornell faculty lightning talk of May 2026 by Larry Smart on breeding disease resistance into the crop.
  106. - Cannabis genetics panel, Berlin 2026. Panel on the state of cannabis breeding and genetics as home cultivation and legal markets expand worldwide.
  107. - Classifying cannabis plants by terpene profile. Agricultural engineer Iñaki García presents a chemotype classification of cannabis varieties based on terpene composition rather than strain names.
  108. - DEA hearing on marijuana reclassification opens. Washington broadcast report from 29 June 2026 as federal officials convened to examine whether marijuana should be reclassified.
  109. - Crop History Consortium: cannabis and hemp. Academic webinar on the agricultural history of cannabis and hemp in the Middle East and Mediterranean.
  110. - Hemp in colonial America, part one. How hemp cultivation was mandated in early colonial charters for rope, sailcloth and cordage, long before cannabis acquired its modern legal identity.
  111. - An Architect's Hempcrete Home. Return visit to a hempcrete house designed by an architect, examining how the hemp-lime walls have performed over years of occupation.
  112. - Behind the scenes on Up in Smoke, with Cheech Marin and Tommy Chong. A retrospective on the making of the 1978 film, with both principals discussing production.
  113. - Democrats reintroduce federal cannabis legalisation legislation. Report from July 2026 on a bill backed by eighteen Democrats seeking full federal legalisation.
  114. - Regenerative cannabis cultivation: microbiomes and living soil. CannMed 2026 panel on soil microbiology and biological resilience in cannabis cropping systems.
  115. - Hemp in colonial America, part two. The second part traces hemp's role in colonial agriculture and shipping through to the early republic.
  116. - The 1937 hearing that criminalised cannabis. An account of the brief 1937 congressional hearings on the Marihuana Tax Act, including the American Medical Association's objection and the contested testimony on which the law was passed.
  117. - The history of Amsterdam coffeeshops, part one. Traces the emergence of Amsterdam coffeeshop culture from Mellow Yellow onwards and the Dutch gedoogbeleid tolerance policy that permitted it.
  118. - The true origin of the war on drugs: what historians get wrong. A long-form history that interrogates the popular Ehrlichman account and argues the drug war's origins are older and more bureaucratic than the single-quote story suggests.
  119. - How Cheech and Chong reunited after twenty years. The pair recount their long breakup and the reunion that Tommy Chong's son helped broker, in an interview on All The Smoke.
  120. - Study links cannabis to earlier onset of psychosis. Australian broadcast report on research finding cannabis users who develop psychosis in their thirties show symptoms roughly six years earlier than non-users with the condition.

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