Mexico

A country told through the things it makes and keeps. Agave fields on a volcanic slope in Jalisco that took a plant seven to fourteen years to fill, and the men who cut them with a blade on a pole. Pyramids whose builders left no name and no language, a city founded on a date chosen in 1925, painted books that survived the burning, and a wall in Mexico City that is legal to photograph because the law says so. Also the parts people argue about: whether the Day of the Dead is ancient or a modern arrangement of something European, whether the parade in the capital is a tradition or something invented for a Bond film in 2015, and whether a black clay pot has been black for centuries or since a potter changed her firing in the 1950s. The archive is in Spanish where Spanish is the right language, because the English version of this story is thinner and more touristic.

A chronological documentary of 2,805 moments spanning 1200–2026 on Loreline.

Curated by Olivier · last updated 2026-09-20

Eras

Manuscripts, The painted books. Screenfold manuscripts on bark paper and deerskin, the ones that survived the burnings and the ones made after the conquest to explain the old world to the new. Azcatitlan, Mendoza, Boturini, Zouche-Nuttall, the Florentine Codex, and the lienzos that were painted to argue a land claim in a Spanish court.
Tenochtitlan, The Mexica capital and what is left of it under Mexico City. The Templo Mayor, found by electricity workers in 1978 and excavated to 1982, the Tlaltecuhtli monolith raised in 2006 at nearly twelve tons, the causeways and chinampas, and the lake that is no longer there. The founding date of 13 March 1325 was designated in 1925 to produce a six hundredth anniversary.
The Virgin, The Virgin of Guadalupe as an object and a destination. The image on the tilma, the basilicas old and new on Tepeyac, the pilgrimages, the December processions, and four centuries of painted and printed copies that carried the image into every part of the country.
Ceramics, Ceramics and the crafts around them. Talavera from Puebla with its own denomination of origin, barro negro from Oaxaca, whose black shine dates from a potter changing her firing in the 1950s rather than from antiquity, and the alebrijes, which began as papier-mâché in Mexico City in 1936 and became Oaxacan woodcarving forty years later.
Son Jarocho, Son jarocho and the string music of Veracruz. The jarana, the requinto, the harp, the tarima that the dancer plays as a percussion instrument, and the fandango as a communal event rather than a performance. Also the wider regional sones of the Huasteca and Michoacán.
Pyramids, The stone cities. Teotihuacan, whose name, language and builders are all unknown and where no evidence of a king has been found for a city of 150,000 people. Monte Albán, Palenque, Chichén Itzá, Uxmal, El Tajín and Cholula. The largest facet on the photographic side, and the oldest.
Agave, The wider agave world, which is not tequila and is not governed by the same law. Mezcal, whose denomination of origin explicitly excludes the tequila states, along with pulque, the pulquerías, aguamiel and Mayahuel. Earthen pit ovens rather than masonry hornos, and a plant that has been fermented in Mexico for far longer than anything has been distilled.
Day of the Dead, Day of the Dead: ofrendas, cempasúchil, sugar skulls, pan de muerto, and the graveside vigils in Michoacán and Oaxaca. Whether the observance is a continuous pre-Hispanic practice or substantially a twentieth-century arrangement of a Medieval European one is genuinely disputed among Mexican scholars, and both positions are noted. The Mexico City parade was invented for a film in 2015.
Tequila, The drink, its landscape and its law. A denomination of origin covering five states, of which only Jalisco is whole, and a plant that needs roughly seven to fourteen years before its core is worth cutting. The jimadores and the coa, the hornos and the tahona, the copper stills, the nineteenth-century haciendas, and the agave landscape inscribed by UNESCO. Founding dates here are marketing: one house alone uses four of them, so each is given with its claim type.
Ballads, The narrative ballad, which has carried news, grievance and legend since the nineteenth century. The Revolution corridos and the photographs that ran alongside them, the border ballads, the accordion and bajo sexto of the norteño groups, and the later strains that made the form controversial again.
Murals, Painting on public walls, state-sponsored after the Revolution. Rivera, Orozco and Siqueiros, and the buildings that hold them. Mexican law permits photographing works visible from public places, which is why these are here, and the same law does not reach the cycles they painted in Detroit, Dartmouth and Los Angeles, which are absent for that reason.
Film, Mexican film. The Golden Age of the 1930s to 1950s and its stars, Buñuel's Mexican period, the studios and the picture palaces, the posters and lobby cards which are separate works from the films and often outlive them, and the modern directors who took five Best Director Oscars in six years.
Mariachi, The music and the men who play it. Plaza Garibaldi, Cocula and Tecalitlán, the violins, vihuela, guitarrón and the trumpet that only arrived in the 1930s, and the traje de charro that arrived with it. The French "mariage" etymology is disproven: a priest complained about mariachis in 1852, a decade before the French did.
Food, Food as a system rather than a menu. The milpa itself, maize and beans and squash grown together, nixtamalization, the metate and the comal, the markets, the moles, and the chiles. The UNESCO listing is narrower than "Mexican food": it inscribes an ancestral community culture and names the cocineras tradicionales of Michoacán as its exemplars.
Kahlo, Frida Kahlo without her paintings, which are protected until 2054. The Casa Azul in Coyoacán, the wardrobe sealed after her death and reopened decades later, the Trotsky house up the road, her photographers, her circle and the neighbourhood she lived in. A facet built entirely from the world around the work rather than the work.
Wrestling, Lucha libre: the masks, the arenas, the técnicos and rudos, and the poster art. El Santo, who wore his mask for almost fifty years, removed it on live television in late January 1984 and died a week later, and was buried in it. The photographic record here is thin and the facet is carried by film.

1200 - The Dresden Codex, page 43. A section of the Maya astronomical book, showing part of its Venus table. The manuscript dates from around the twelfth or thirteenth century. It is the oldest surviving book written in the Americas and sits in Dresden.
1521 - The feather headdress in Vienna. A fan of quetzal and cotinga feathers worked with gold, made in Mexico around 1515. Held at the Weltmuseum in Vienna. Mexico has asked for its return more than once; Austria holds that the piece is too fragile to travel.
1543 - The Mapa Quinatzin. Leaf two of the manuscript, with the ground plan of Nezahualcóyotl's palace at Texcoco. Painted in the sixteenth century, this copy dated 1543. The plan names the rooms of a court that had already been dismantled.
1656 - José Juárez on the apparitions, 1656. A painting of the image and the apparitions of Our Lady of Guadalupe. By José Juárez, 1656. The four-apparition narrative was fixed in print by Miguel Sánchez in 1648, more than a century after the claimed events.
1750 - Luis de Mena's casta painting. A single canvas combining the Virgin of Guadalupe with a grid of casta types, fruits and scenes of colonial life. Painted around 1750. Casta paintings sorted the population of New Spain by descent, and putting the Virgin at the top of one made her the roof over that whole system.
1750 - Codex Mendoza, engraved. An eighteenth-century print reproducing folio 2 recto of the codex. Held in the Rijksmuseum print room. The Mendoza was made around 1541 for Charles the Fifth, was taken by French pirates, and ended in Oxford.
1836 - Las Tortilleras, about 1836. Women making tortillas, a hand-coloured lithograph after Pierre-Frédéric Lehnert. Early nineteenth-century Mexico. Grinding nixtamal on the metate was several hours of a woman's day before mills arrived.
1847 - The battlefield at Cerro Gordo, 1847. A surveyed plan of the fighting of 17 and 18 April 1847, drawn from surveys by Major Turnbull and Captain McClellan. Veracruz. Scott's army landed at Veracruz and forced the pass on the road to the capital.
1851 - Nebel's Cerro Gordo. A hand-coloured lithograph of the battle of 18 April 1847. Published 1851 after Carl Nebel. Nebel's plates are the best-known images of the war and were drawn from the American side.
1851 - The Battle of Churubusco, 1847. A hand-coloured lithograph of the fighting of 20 August 1847 in the war with the United States. Published 1851 after Carl Nebel. The convent was defended until the ammunition ran out.
1851 - Cerro Gordo, detail. A cropped view of Nebel's lithograph of the battle. Published 1851. Santa Anna lost his wooden leg to an Illinois regiment at Cerro Gordo, and it is still in Springfield.
1851 - Churubusco, detail. A cropped view of Nebel's lithograph of the battle of 20 August 1847. Published 1851. The Saint Patrick's Battalion, Irish deserters from the US army, fought here for Mexico and were hanged for it.
1869 - Rancheros in 1856. A detail of the lithograph of Mexican costume, campesinos or rancheros, from México y sus alrededores. Published 1856. The charro suit as national dress was standardised much later, in the 1930s.
1883 - Charnay at Teotihuacan. Three albumen views on one page, the Avenue of the Dead and the Pyramid of the Moon among them. Published 1883 from Désiré Charnay's Mexican campaign. Charnay was among the first to photograph the site systematically.
1883 - The Charnay excavations. The Pyramid of the Sun seen from the Moon, with an idol found nearby and the dig itself. Teotihuacan, 1883. Charnay worked with French government backing and shipped casts and photographs back to Paris.
1883 - The calendar stone in the museum court, 1883. An albumen print of the Sun Stone standing in the courtyard of the old national museum. Mexico City, 1883. The stone was unearthed in the Zócalo in 1790 and mounted on the cathedral wall for most of the nineteenth century.
1883 - The idol called Teoyaomiqui, 1883. Two views of a colossal Mexica stone figure, front and side. Photographed in Mexico in 1883. Nineteenth-century writers called it Teoyaomiqui; it is now identified as Coatlicue.
1883 - Ancient pottery and an Aztec statue, 1883. Vessels grouped around a standing stone figure, printed three views to a page. Mexico, 1883. Photographs like these were how European collectors first assessed Mexican antiquity.
1884 - A pulque shop around 1900. A photochrom print of a pulquería at Tacubaya. About 1884 to 1900. Pulque was the working drink of the central plateau and the shops were painted with names and pictures on the outside.
1884 - The Atlas mexicano. Sheets from the atlas, the maps dated between 1884 and 1886. The survey was the Porfirian state describing its own territory.
1889 - Reading the Codex en Cruz. Instructions for following the cross-shaped reading order of the codex, drawn by Eugène Goupil. Published 1889. Goupil's collection of Mexican manuscripts went to the Bibliothèque nationale in Paris.
1890 - Posada's trusting calaveras. A broadsheet relief print on red ground, titled Calaveras de confianza que les dará su pitanza. Drawn by José Guadalupe Posada and published by Antonio Vanegas Arroyo, about 1890. Posada died in 1913 in poverty and was buried in a common grave.
1893 - Copper stills. Copper vessels and their curved pipework fill the still house. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 1893. The fermented low-alcohol wash is the mosto, and the first pass yields an intermediate spirit called the ordinario.
1898 - The horno. A brick oven stands open with agave stacked inside it. Tequila, Jalisco, 1898. Cooking runs long and low rather than hot and fast, which is what gives the cooked core its sweetness.
1898 - The horno. Quartered cores are packed into a masonry chamber. Tequila, Jalisco, 1898. Cooking runs long and low rather than hot and fast, which is what gives the cooked core its sweetness.
1900 - Díaz and his cabinet. Porfirio Díaz with his ministers. About 1900. Díaz held power for over thirty years and left for Paris in May 1911.
1900 - Orozco and his staff. The general with his officers. About 1900 to 1912. Orozco's men wore red bands and were known as colorados.
1900 - Rebels flagging down a train. Insurgents stopping a train on the line. About 1900 to 1913. The railway is the setting of a great many corridos, since it is how the Revolution moved.
1900 - The Great Temple imagined, 1900. An illustration of the sacred precinct and the Templo Mayor as they stood in the sixteenth century. Drawn in 1900. Reconstructions of this kind were made from the chroniclers, decades before anyone dug the site.
1901 - Hacienda Uxmal, 1901. A stereo view of the hacienda archway with a high-wheeled volan coche standing in front. Yucatán, 1901. The card misspells the name as Ixmal.
1901 - From the Nunnery to the pyramid. A stereo card looking out of the quadrangle towards the Pyramid of the Magician. Uxmal, Yucatán, 1901. Stereographs were the mass medium through which most people first saw these sites.
1901 - Inside the Nunnery quadrangle. A stereo view from a room out into the courtyard. Uxmal, Yucatán, 1901. The Library of Congress holds the card in its stereograph collection.
1901 - Looking out from the Great Pyramid. A stereo view across the ruins from the top of the pyramid, captioned in the language of its day. Uxmal, Yucatán, 1901. Its title, the passing of a noble race, is a period assumption rather than a fact.
1901 - The Governor's Palace from the pyramid. A stereo card looking down on the rear of the long building. Uxmal, Yucatán, 1901. Its mosaic frieze runs about 100 metres and is built from thousands of separately cut stones.
1902 - Lords in canoes, Codex Zouche-Nuttall. Three lords paddle out to take a city on an island, drawn in the screenfold's register bands. Page 75 of the Codex Zouche-Nuttall, in a 1902 facsimile. The manuscript is Mixtec, painted on deerskin before the conquest, and it reads in a boustrophedon path guided by red lines.
1903 - Agave mirabilis at Las Vigas, 1903. A flowering plant photographed with a man standing beside it for scale, possibly on 26 August 1903. Las Vigas, Veracruz. The flowering stalk of a large agave can reach eight metres in a few weeks.
1904 - The agave landscape. Ranked agave covers the ground in long curving lines. Recorded at Tequila, Jalisco, 1904. What was inscribed is a working landscape rather than a monument, fields included.
1904 - Bowditch on the Maya calendar, 1904. A plate from Charles Bowditch's study of Mexican and Central American calendar systems. Published 1904. Bowditch funded much of the early Maya work at Harvard and worked on the numeral system himself.
1904 - Bureau of American Ethnology bulletin, 1904. A plate from the Smithsonian's ethnology series on Mesoamerican material. Washington, 1904. American institutions published much of the early comparative work on the codices.
1904 - Another plate from the 1904 bulletin. A further illustration from the Bureau of American Ethnology's Mesoamerican volume. Washington, 1904. These plates put line drawings of the codices into circulation long before colour facsimiles.
1904 - A third plate from the 1904 bulletin. Another illustration from the Smithsonian ethnology series. Washington, 1904. Bureau of American Ethnology bulletins were the main channel for this material in English.
1905 - The agave landscape. Ranked agave covers the ground in long curving lines. Photographed at Tequila, Sonora, in 1905. Archaeological remains of the Teuchitlán tradition, roughly AD 200 to 900, sit inside the World Heritage boundary among the rows.
1907 - The quay at Coatzacoalcos, 1907. Shipping alongside and a glimpse of the town on the Bay of Campeche. Veracruz, 1907. Coatzacoalcos was the Gulf end of the Tehuantepec railway, which carried freight between the two oceans before the Panama Canal.
1908 - Pascual Orozco. A glass plate portrait of the Chihuahua leader, captioned in its day as a bandit chief. About 1908. Orozco won Ciudad Juárez for Madero in 1911 and then rebelled against him the following year.
1908 - Pancho Villa. A glass plate negative of Francisco Villa. About 1908. Villa attracted more corridos than any other figure of the Revolution, and they were being sold as printed broadsheets while he was still alive.
1908 - General Felipe Ángeles. A portrait of the artillery general on a glass plate. About 1908. Ángeles was a trained professional soldier who joined Villa, and he was court-martialled and shot in 1919.
1908 - Colonel Estrada. A glass plate portrait of a Mexican officer. About 1908. Officers on both sides sat for the same commercial photographers.
1909 - The National Palace, 1909. A glass plate negative of the palace on the Zócalo. Mexico City, 1909. Rivera did not begin painting its stairway until 1929, twenty years after this was taken.
1909 - Sombreros in the market, 1909. Hats stacked at a market stall in the capital. Mexico City, 1909. Straw and palm hat weaving was one of the largest rural crafts in the country.
1909 - The agave landscape. The fields sit under the cone that laid down their soil. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 1909. The appellation covers all of Jalisco plus named municipalities of Guanajuato, Michoacán, Nayarit and Tamaulipas, five states in total.
1910 - Huerta and Gamboa. Victoriano Huerta with Federico Gamboa. About 1910. Huerta seized power in February 1913 after Madero was murdered, and was driven out within eighteen months.
1910 - Villa, possibly at Ciudad Juárez. Francisco Villa photographed around 1910, possibly on the day Ciudad Juárez was taken. Chihuahua. The fall of Juárez in May 1911 ended the Díaz regime within days.
1910 - R. V. Pesqueira. A glass plate portrait of the Sonoran politician. About 1910. Sonora produced Obregón, Calles and de la Huerta, who between them ran the country for a decade.
1910 - General Carranza. A glass plate portrait captioned Ocarranza. About 1910. Carranza was governor of Coahuila and became First Chief of the Constitutionalist army in 1913.
1910 - Crossing to the United States at Ojinaga. Mexicans crossing the border during the fighting. Ojinaga, Chihuahua, about 1910. Ojinaga fell to Villa in January 1914 and thousands crossed into Texas.
1910 - Victoriano Huerta. A glass plate portrait of the general. About 1910. He died in El Paso in 1916 while under arrest by American authorities.
1910 - Orozco with his colonels. Pascual Orozco with Oscar Braniff, Pancho Villa and Peppino Garibaldi, photographed 10 May 1911. Garibaldi was the grandson of the Italian and fought in Mexico as a volunteer.
1910 - Félix Díaz. A portrait of the nephew of Porfirio Díaz. About 1910. He was one of the plotters of the Ten Tragic Days that put Huerta in power.
1910 - General Blanquet in camp. Aureliano Blanquet at a field camp. About 1910. Blanquet arrested Madero in 1913 and was killed in 1919.
1910 - Raúl Madero. A portrait of the brother of Francisco Madero. About 1910. He fought with Villa's División del Norte and outlived nearly all of them, dying in 1982.
1910 - Huerta and his cabinet. The general with his ministers. About 1913. His government lasted from February 1913 to July 1914.
1910 - General Velasco. A glass plate portrait of the federal general. About 1910. José Refugio Velasco commanded at Torreón against Villa in 1914.
1911 - Gustavo A. Madero. The brother of Francisco Madero, photographed on 5 February 1911. He was tortured and killed during the Ten Tragic Days in February 1913.
1912 - Orozco enters Chihuahua. Orozco's column arriving in the state capital. Chihuahua, 1912. He was killed in Texas in 1915 by a posse who took him for a cattle thief.
1912 - Orozco's entry, second view. Another plate of the column arriving in Chihuahua. 1912. Photographers followed the armies and sold the plates to the American press.
1913 - Durango during the war. The main street of the city in wartime. Durango, 1913. Corridos travelled with the armies and with the trains that carried them.
1913 - The dead after fighting in Mexico City. Bodies in the street of the capital. 1913. The Ten Tragic Days of February 1913 were fought with artillery in the middle of the city.
1914 - Villa and Rodríguez. Villa with General Rodríguez on a glass plate negative. 1914. Villa's column moved by rail, and the corridos name the trains as often as the men.
1914 - Colonel Servín. A portrait of the officer, his name misspelled on the original caption. 1914. Servín commanded artillery for Villa.
1914 - General Rodríguez. A portrait of the general on a glass plate. 1914. The corrido form gives a name, a place and a date in its opening lines, exactly as these captions do.
1914 - Rodolfo Fierro with Villa. Major Fierro, accused of killing the Englishman William Benton, photographed with Villa. 1914. The Benton affair caused a diplomatic crisis with Britain in early 1914.
1914 - Entrada de Villa y Zapata a la Ciudad de México - Archivo Vivo Filmoteca UNAM. Filmoteca UNAM publishes footage of Villa and Zapata entering Mexico City. The two commanders met at Xochimilco in December 1914 and occupied the capital together.
1914 - Llegada de Emiliano Zapata y Francisco Villa a la Ciudad de México (1914). The arrival of Zapata and Villa in Mexico City. Both men were photographed in the National Palace, an image that became one of the Revolution's defining pictures.
1915 - The Palacio de Bellas Artes, 1915. A glass plate negative of the unfinished building, then called the opera house. Mexico City, 1915. Work had stopped by then and did not resume in earnest until the late 1920s.
1915 - "Los combates de Celaya (1915)", imágenes originales.. Original images of the battles of Celaya in 1915. Obregón's defeat of Villa at Celaya broke the División del Norte.
1916 - Gathering the wounded at San Gerónimo. Casualties being collected after the engagement. 1916. The fighting followed Villa's raid on Columbus, New Mexico, in March 1916.
1916 - Obregón at El Paso. General Álvaro Obregón photographed at the border city. 1916. Obregón lost his right arm at Celaya in 1915 fighting Villa, and became president in 1920.
1916 - Obregón and his staff. The general with Almada, Montaño, Villagrán, Carpio, García, Gaziola and Saenz. 1916. Obregón was shot dead at a restaurant in San Ángel in 1928, having just been elected again.
1919 - Calaveras of coyotes and waitresses. A broadsheet relief print on purple ground, titled Calaveras de coyotes y meseras. Drawn by José Guadalupe Posada for the publisher Antonio Vanegas Arroyo, this sheet dated 1919. A coyote in this sense was a street fixer who handled paperwork, and Posada aimed his skeletons at trades rather than at individuals.
1919 - El Sepelio de Emiliano Zapata - Archivo Vivo Filmoteca UNAM. Filmoteca UNAM publishes footage of the burial of Emiliano Zapata. He was assassinated at Chinameca in 1919 after years of leading the agrarian struggle in Morelos.
1922 - Volcán de Tequila. The mountain fills the skyline above the planted ground. Tequila, Jalisco, 1922. The cone is the landmark visible from most of the inscribed landscape.
1933 - El Prisionero 13 - Cine en línea. Filmoteca UNAM presents El Prisionero 13. The film belongs to Fernando de Fuentes' Revolution trilogy, made in the early 1930s.
1934 - Inauguración del Palacio de Bellas Artes - Archivo Vivo Filmoteca UNAM. Filmoteca UNAM publishes footage of the Palacio de Bellas Artes inauguration in its Archivo Vivo series. The building opened in 1934 after decades of interrupted construction.
1934 - Dos monjes, 1934 (versión restaurada) - Cine en línea. Filmoteca UNAM presents its restoration of Dos monjes from 1934. The film predates the Golden Age proper and uses expressionist lighting rarely seen in Mexican production.
1936 - Películas mexicanas | 🤠 Allá en el RANCHO GRANDE (1936) | Tito Guízar | Película Completa. Allá en el Rancho Grande from 1936, presented complete. The film opened the Golden Age and created the singing charro genre.
1936 - Archive footage of Sights Around Mexico in 1936. Archive footage of Mexico filmed in 1936. Foreign actuality material of the period sits alongside the domestic newsreel record.
1940 - Cantinflas "Ahí está el detalle" Película Completa. Ahí está el detalle presented complete. Cantinflas built the film on verbal misdirection rather than on plot.
1940 - Cantinflas Ahí está el detalle 1940 colorized remastered 4k version 2. A colourised restoration of Ahí está el detalle. Mario Moreno invented the name Cantinflas so his parents would not learn he was in show business, a story he confirmed himself in 1992.
1940 - "Ahí está el detalle" 1940 - Cantinflas. The 1940 feature Ahí está el detalle in full. The Real Academia Española admitted cantinflear to the dictionary in 1992, in his lifetime.
1940 - Cantinflas Mario Moreno 1940 Ahí está el Detalle remastered 4k. A remastered extract from Cantinflas in Ahí está el detalle, 1940. The film was his breakthrough and established the character nationally.
1942 - El Balajú. Jorge Negrete 1942. Jorge Negrete sings El Balajú in 1942. The singing charro was a film archetype that carried mariachi to audiences across Latin America.
1942 - Historia de un Gran Amor (1942) (película completa) Jorge Negrete. Historia de un Gran Amor from 1942 with Jorge Negrete. Wartime supply advantages let Mexico produce at volume while other industries could not.
1943 - México de Mis Recuerdos 1943 PELÍCULA COMPLETA Joaquín Pardavé y Fernando Soler. México de Mis Recuerdos from 1943 with Joaquín Pardavé. The film looks back nostalgically to the Porfirian era from within the war years.
1943 - El Jorobado Año 1943 Jorge Negrete Cine mexicano época de oro. El Jorobado from 1943 with Jorge Negrete. Mexico joined the Allies in 1942 and gained most favoured nation status, which secured film stock.
1943 - El Rebelde Romance de Antaño (1943) - Jorge Negrete A COLOR. El Rebelde from 1943 with Jorge Negrete, presented in colour. Colourisation is a modern addition; the film was shot in black and white.
1944 - MÚSICA MEXICANA: Las Hermanas Padilla / Confesión / Columbia / 1944. Las Hermanas Padilla recorded Confesión for Columbia in 1944. Sister duets were a mainstay of Mexican commercial recording before the solo ranchera star took over.
1944 - María Candelaria 1944. A note on María Candelaria from 1944. The film is set among the chinampas of Xochimilco.
1944 - María Candelaria Xochimilco 1944 Película Completa. María Candelaria presented complete. Emilio Fernández directed and Gabriel Figueroa photographed it, the partnership that defined the period's look.
1945 - The Great Tenochtitlan. Rivera's mural of the Tlatelolco market with the lake city behind it, painted in 1945. Palacio Nacional, Mexico City. It is the panel most often reproduced from the corridor cycle.
1945 - Hasta que Perdió Jalisco (1945) Película completa con Jorge Negrete | Canela.TV. Hasta que Perdió Jalisco from 1945 with Jorge Negrete. Jalisco supplied both the setting and the musical idiom for much of the period.
1945 - Canaima El Dios del Mal / Película Completa. Canaima presented complete. María Félix made 47 films between 1942 and 1978 across five countries.
1945 - La Selva de Fuego (1945) con Dolores del Río y Arturo de Córdova | Película Completa | Canela.TV. La Selva de Fuego from 1945 with Dolores del Río. She won three Silver Ariel awards for Best Actress.
1945 - Bugambilia - Película Completa. Bugambilia presented complete, with Dolores del Río. Emilio Fernández directed her in a sequence of films through the 1940s.
1946 - No Basta Ser Charro (1946) - PELÍCULA COMPLETA | Jorge Negrete | CINE DE ORO | Canela.TV. No Basta Ser Charro, a 1946 feature with Jorge Negrete. Golden Age cinema fixed the mariachi image at exactly the moment the trumpet and the traje de charro had become standard.
1947 - Me He De Comer Esa Tuna (1947) | Película Completa | Canela.TV. Me He De Comer Esa Tuna from 1947, complete. The Golden Age produced well over a hundred features a year at its peak.
1949 - Jalisco Canta en Sevilla (1949) con Jorge Negrete y Carmen Sevilla | Película Completa | Canela.TV. Jalisco Canta en Sevilla, a 1949 co-production pairing Jorge Negrete with Carmen Sevilla. The film exported the Jalisco charro image directly to Spain.
1949 - Allá En El Rancho Grande (1949) | Película Completa con Jorge Negrete | Canela.TV. Allá en el Rancho Grande from 1949 in full. Jorge Negrete died in December 1953, eleven months after marrying María Félix.
1949 - Dos Pesos Dejada (1949) | Tele N | Película Completa. Dos Pesos Dejada from 1949. Urban comedy formed a counterweight to the rural ranchera pictures.
1949 - Allá En El Rancho Grande (1949) con Jorge Negrete | Película Completa | Canela.TV. The 1949 remake of Allá en el Rancho Grande with Jorge Negrete. Remaking the founding hit thirteen years later shows how fixed the formula had become.
1950 - José Alfredo Jiménez - Bohemio De Mi Barrio - Columbia 2049-C. The Frontera Collection at UCLA publishes José Alfredo Jiménez singing Bohemio De Mi Barrio from a Columbia disc. The archive digitises Mexican and Mexican American commercial records that no label catalogue preserved.
1950 - Fermentation tanks. Tanks hold the fermenting liquid under the shed roof. Tequila, Jalisco, 1950. Fermentation is where the sugar taken out of the cooked core becomes alcohol.
1950 - Clásicos latinoamericanos - Luis Buñuel - 1950 - Los olvidados - Canal Encuentro. Los Olvidados from 1950, presented complete. The film's brutal view of Mexico City street children caused an outcry on release.
1950 - La Posesión (1950) - Con Jorge Negrete A COLOR. La Posesión from 1950 with Jorge Negrete. The star system carried the industry as much as any director did.
1950 - Los Olvidados (1950, Luis Buñuel) / Película Completa (Full HD). Buñuel's Los Olvidados presented in full. It was the film that re-established his international reputation after years of obscurity.
1951 - Deseada - Dolores del Rio & Jorge Mistral - 1951 - Película completa color. Deseada from 1951 with Dolores del Río and Jorge Mistral. Melodrama was the dominant register of the period.
1951 - El Guardia de Barrio (1951) Joaquín Pardavé y Mauricio Garcés | Película Completa | Tele N. El Guardia de Barrio from 1951 with Joaquín Pardavé and Mauricio Garcés. Neighbourhood comedy was a staple format of the period.
1951 - Una Carta De Amor (película completa) Jorge Negrete. Una Carta de Amor with Jorge Negrete, complete. Negrete led the actors' union as well as topping the box office.
1951 - Doña Perfecta 1951 Pelicula En HD Dolores del Rio720P HD #cinedeoromexicano. Doña Perfecta from 1951 with Dolores del Río. In 1954 the United States denied her a work permit over suspected communist sympathies, resolved by 1956.
1952 - Jorge Negrete - el coleadero, (Hay un niño en su futuro 1952) A COLOR. Jorge Negrete performs el coleadero in a 1952 picture, presented in colour. The coleada is one of the nine suertes of charrería, the tradition mariachi borrowed its suit from.
1952 - Quihubo cuando. Jorge Negrete y Trío Calaveras 1952. Jorge Negrete performs with the Trío Calaveras in 1952. Negrete died in December 1953, eleven months after marrying María Félix.
1952 - Los Hijos de María Morales (1952) Película completa con Pedro Infante | Canela.TV. Los Hijos de María Morales from 1952 with Pedro Infante. Family melodrama and comedy were often combined in the same picture.
1952 - Jorge Negrete | Un Gallo En Corral Ajeno | Tele N | Película Completa. Un Gallo en Corral Ajeno with Jorge Negrete. The ranchera comedy was among the most reliably profitable formats.
1952 - Ahora soy rico (1952) Película Mexicana completa de Pedro infante. Ahora soy rico from 1952 with Pedro Infante. His screen persona was working class and unfailingly decent.
1952 - ⭐ La Noche Avanza (1952) | Cine Clásico Mexicano Completo en HD 🎥✨. La Noche Avanza from 1952, directed by Roberto Gavaldón. The film is one of the strongest Mexican entries in the film noir register.
1954 - Voz de Amalia Mendoza - Maldición ranchera (1954). Amalia Mendoza recorded Maldición ranchera in 1954. The sob in the delivery is a deliberate technique of the ranchera style rather than a lapse.
1954 - Contigo Hasta el Final (1954) | Ninón Sevilla | Película Completa | Tele N. Contigo Hasta el Final from 1954 with Ninón Sevilla. The cabaretera films built a genre around nightclub dancers and were enormously popular.
1955 - NO VOLVERE (1955 Completa) - PEDRO INFANTE. Pedro Infante performs No Volveré in 1955. Infante died on 15 April 1957, at the height of the Golden Age.
1955 - La ciudad de México (1955) - Cine en línea Filmoteca UNAM. Filmoteca UNAM publishes La ciudad de México from 1955. Documentary shorts of the capital were made for cinema programmes rather than television.
1955 - La Vida No Vale Nada | Pedro Infante (1955) | Tele N | Película Completa |. La Vida No Vale Nada from 1955 with Pedro Infante. The film is among the darker roles he took near the end of his career.
1955 - Escuela de vagabundos (1955) Película completa con Pedro Infante y Miroslava | Canela.TV. Escuela de vagabundos from 1955 with Pedro Infante. Infante made roughly sixty films in fifteen years.
1957 - Señora Ama (1957) - PELÍCULA COMPLETA con Dolores del Río | Cine de Oro | Canela.TV. Señora Ama from 1957 with Dolores del Río. Her Mexican career lasted far longer than her Hollywood one.
1958 - AMALIA MENDOZA: "Échame a mí la culpa", 1958. Amalia Mendoza sings Échame a mí la culpa in 1958. Mendoza was known as la Tariácuri after the Purépecha lord, a name taken from her family's stage act.
1959 - Nazarín, 1959. -Película completa- Francisco Rabal, Marga López y Rita Macedo.. Nazarín from 1959, complete. Buñuel adapted the Galdós novel while working within the Mexican industry.
1960 - Los Alegres De Teran - Hace Un Año (version original) Del Año 1974. The original version of Hace Un Año by Los Alegres de Terán. Their recordings set the template for conjunto norteño for decades.
1961 - La Buena Suerte (1961) | Miguel Aceves Mejía y Sara García | Película Completa. La Buena Suerte from 1961 with Miguel Aceves Mejía and Sara García. The ranchera musical outlasted the Golden Age proper by several years.
1962 - El ángel Exterminador (VERSIÓN SIN CORTES). El ángel exterminador presented uncut. The 1962 film traps its guests in a drawing room they cannot leave, with no explanation offered.
1965 - Cucurrucucú Paloma - Lola Beltrán 1965. Lola Beltrán sings Cucurrucucú Paloma in 1965. Beltrán was among the first women to hold the ranchera stage on equal terms with the singing charros.
1968 - Restauración de 'El grito' (1968) - Arcadia UNAM. Filmoteca UNAM documents its restoration of El grito from 1968. The student movement produced its own film record in parallel with the corrido tradition.
1968 - El Grito - Cine en línea. Filmoteca UNAM publishes El Grito, the film record of the 1968 student movement. Tlatelolco happened on 2 October 1968, ten days before the Olympics opened.
1970 - Entrevista al actor mexicano Mario Moreno Cantinflas 1970. A 1970 interview with Cantinflas. He won a Golden Globe for Around the World in 80 Days in 1956.
1971 - Tula, 1971. The pyramid of Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli with its columns, photographed in the early seventies. Tula, Hidalgo, 1971. The four Atlantean warrior figures on top stand about 4.6 metres.
1971 - Doña Macabra (1971) Dir. Roberto Gavaldón Película Completa. Doña Macabra from 1971, directed by Roberto Gavaldón. Gavaldón worked steadily from the Golden Age into the 1970s.
1974 - The Bonampak rooms, copied. A full-scale replica of the painted chambers of Bonampak inside the museum. Mexico City, March 1974. The originals in Chiapas are too fragile and too far for most visitors.
1974 - The Quiriguá zoomorph, copied. A cast of a Maya boulder sculpture from Guatemala, shown in the Mexican national museum. Mexico City, March 1974. Casts let one museum hold the Maya world across its modern borders.
1975 - Uxmal from the highway, 1975. The central group seen from the road that runs past the site. Yucatán, 1975. The Mérida to Campeche highway is what made Uxmal a day trip.
1975 - Lola Beltrán -CUCURRUCUCU PALOMA- , 1975.. A 1975 performance of Cucurrucucú Paloma by Lola Beltrán. Television variety programmes are where most surviving footage of ranchera singers comes from.
1976 - Xochicalco in 1976. The site photographed on a visit in the mid seventies, long before the museum. Morelos, 1976. Systematic excavation and the site museum came in the 1990s.
1976 - Canoa - El fanatismo del pueblo. An examination of Canoa and popular fanaticism. The events depicted took place in 1968, the same year as Tlatelolco.
1980 - Archivo TelevisaNews Cumpleaños de María Félix 1980 Facebook. Television archive footage of María Félix on her birthday in 1980. Félix died on 8 April 2002, her 88th birthday.
1981 - Lola Beltrán -CUCURRUCUCU PALOMA- , 1981.. Lola Beltrán sings Cucurrucucú Paloma in a 1981 television appearance. Tomás Méndez wrote the song, and Beltrán's reading became the reference version.
1982 - Entrevista a Silvia Pinal, en 1982 #JoyasDeTV - Expreso de la Mañana. A 1982 television interview with Silvia Pinal. Broadcast archives hold interviews the film industry never preserved.
1985 - Lola Beltrán - Cucurrucucú paloma (En vivo en el Palacio de Bellas Artes, 1976). Lola Beltrán performs Cucurrucucú Paloma live at the Palacio de Bellas Artes. Juan Gabriel became the first non-classical act to play that hall in 1990, which marks how unusual a popular booking there was.
1985 - Entrevista a Mario Moreno “Cantinflas”, Actor (1985) | Ricardo Rocha. A 1985 interview with Mario Moreno. He came out of the carpa tent circuit by 1930 before entering film.
1986 - The Education Ministry courtyard, 1986. The patio of the Secretaría de Educación Pública, its walls lined with Rivera's fresco cycle. Mexico City, 1986. Rivera painted about 235 panels here between 1923 and 1928, his first great cycle.
1986 - Veracruz in 1986. The fortress of San Juan de Ulúa with navy vessels moored alongside. Veracruz, 1986. Ulúa was a fort, then a prison, and is where the last Spanish garrison in Mexico held out until 1825.
1986 - The Nunnery quadrangle, 1986. The four ranges of the courtyard photographed in the mid eighties. Uxmal, Yucatán, 1986. Uxmal was still open to climbing on most structures at this date.
1986 - Temple of the Inscriptions, 1986. The stepped funerary pyramid at Palenque, its roof comb above the tree line. Chiapas, 1986. Pakal's tomb was found under it by Alberto Ruz Lhuillier in 1952 after four seasons of clearing a filled stair.
1986 - The avenue in 1986. The Avenue of the Dead seen from the Pyramid of the Moon two decades before the crowds. Teotihuacan, 1986. Visitor numbers at the site rose steeply after the 1987 UNESCO listing.
1990 - Lola Beltrán en Bellas Artes -CUCURRUCUCU PALOMA-, 1990..VOB. Lola Beltrán at Bellas Artes in 1990. She was billed as Lola la Grande and sang with full mariachi rather than orchestra.
1990 - Ramón Ayala - Mi Acordeon Y Yo [1990]. Ramón Ayala performs Mi Acordeón y Yo in 1990. The accordion is the lead voice of the norteño conjunto.
1995 - Amalia Mendoza La Tariácuri - ECHAME A MI LA CULPA - 1995 -.. Amalia Mendoza performs Échame a mí la culpa in 1995, decades after her first recording of it. Ranchera singers kept working the same repertoire across whole careers.
1997 - (1997) Aida Y Carlos Cuevas ¡En Vivo! con el Mariachi 2000 de Cutberto Pérez. Aída Cuevas and Carlos Cuevas perform live with Mariachi 2000 de Cutberto Pérez in 1997. Aída Cuevas has been called the queen of ranchera music and began recording as a teenager.
1997 - 1997 Un Bunuel Mexicano emilio maillé documentary. Emilio Maillé's 1997 documentary on Buñuel in Mexico. The film treats the Mexican years as central rather than peripheral.
1998 - Aída Cuevas -SERENATA HUASTECA- , 1998 .. Aída Cuevas sings Serenata Huasteca in 1998. The huasteco repertoire sits beside the Jalisco material in most working mariachi books.
1998 - Aída Cuevas -HUAPANGO TORERO- , 1998.. Aída Cuevas performs Huapango Torero in 1998. The huapango is a fast triple-metre form the mariachi absorbed from the Huasteca.
2005 - Agave tequilana Weber Azul. A single plant stands in its rosette of stiff, spine-tipped leaves. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2005. That clonal propagation has cost the crop considerable genetic diversity.
2005 - The distillery works. Thick walls and arcaded courtyards front the old works. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2005. The nineteenth-century haciendas were inscribed by UNESCO in 2006 alongside the fields and the towns.
2005 - The horno. Quartered cores are packed into a masonry chamber. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2005. The oven is a horno, and its slow baking breaks the plant's complex fructans into fermentable fructose.
2005 - The distillery works. The distillery buildings sit low and long behind a stone wall. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2005. La Rojeña is described in company material as the oldest active distillery in Latin America, a superlative advanced without a stated adjudicator.
2005 - Copper stills. Bright copper and steel columns rise through the working hall. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2005. Tequila is bottled between 35 and 55 percent alcohol by volume under NOM-006-SCFI.
2005 - Agave tequilana Weber Azul. The rosette is dense enough to hide the core it is grown for. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2005. Since the 1990s Fusarium fungi, Erwinia bacteria and the agave weevil have moved through these plantings, and low diversity makes the damage worse.
2005 - Agave tequilana Weber Azul. Waxy leaves curve outward, each ending in a hard point. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2005. Only the core is wanted; everything visible above ground is cut away and left.
2005 - Agave tequilana Weber Azul. A single plant stands in its rosette of stiff, spine-tipped leaves. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2005. The cultivar is Weber Azul, larger and more blue-grey than the smaller green forms of the same species.
2005 - Agave tequilana Weber Azul. The blue-grey leaves fan out from a tight central core. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2005. A plant needs roughly seven to fourteen years before its core is worth cutting.
2005 - Agave tequilana Weber Azul. One mature plant fills the frame, its leaves edged with hooked spines. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2005. Commercial stock is propagated from offsets called hijuelos rather than from seed, so the fields are effectively clones.
2005 - The agave landscape. The valley floor is planted edge to edge in a single crop. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2005. The denomination was registered internationally under the WIPO Lisbon system on 13 April 1978.
2005 - The agave landscape. The fields sit under the cone that laid down their soil. Amatitán, Jalisco, 2005. Growers separate the highlands of Los Altos from the valley floor, and describe the two as tasting different.
2006 - Monte Albán from the South Platform. The main plaza opens out below, framed by platforms on both long sides. Monte Albán, Oaxaca, 2006. The Zapotecs levelled an entire mountain top to make this plaza.
2006 - Piñas cut and stacked. The bare cores sit in a pile, each one the weight of a small person. The image was made at Amatitán in Jalisco in 2006. These go whole or quartered into masonry ovens to convert their fructans into fermentable sugar.
2006 - Jimador in the agave. A jimador works down a row, taking the leaves off a plant to reach the core. Tequila, Jalisco, 2006. The work is called the jima, and the man doing it is a jimador.
2006 - Jimador in the agave. A harvester leans into the plant, shearing the stiff leaves away one at a time. Tequila, Jalisco, 2006. The blade is pushed along the plant rather than swung at it, shearing each leaf close to the core.
2006 - The agave landscape. A working landscape of one plant, stretching out under an open sky. Tequila, Jalisco, 2006. The appellation covers all of Jalisco plus named municipalities of Guanajuato, Michoacán, Nayarit and Tamaulipas, five states in total.
2006 - Noticia De Valentin Elizalde En La Madrugada del 25 de Noviembre del 2006. A news report on Valentín Elizalde from November 2006. The singer was shot after a performance in Tamaulipas.
2006 - El laberinto del fauno 2006- película completa español latino. El laberinto del fauno from 2006, presented complete. Del Toro's film took three Oscars from six nominations.
2006 - Ver El laberinto del fauno 2006 Película Completa Online. Pan's Labyrinth in full. The film sets a child's fantasy against the aftermath of the Spanish Civil War.
2007-05-27 - El llano grande, son jalisciense tradicional antiguo. El llano grande performed as an old traditional son jalisciense. The son is the form that mariachi grew out of during the nineteenth century.
2007-06-07 - Documental Arturo Ripstein. A documentary on Arturo Ripstein. He has directed steadily since the mid 1960s.
2007 - The great ball court. The two parallel walls of the playing alley run the length of the frame. Chichén Itzá, Yucatán, 2007. At about 168 metres it is the largest Mesoamerican ball court known.
2007 - The agave landscape. The valley floor is planted edge to edge in a single crop. The image was made at Tequila in Jalisco in 2007. The Denominación de Origen was declared on 22 November 1974 and published that December.
2007-06-17 - Documental: Entre décimas y sones - Grandes de Tlacotalpan 1. A second part of the same Tlacotalpan documentary. Recording the older musicians was urgent work for the revival.
2007-06-17 - Documental: Entre décimas y sones - Grandes de Tlacotalpan 3. A third part of the documentary on the elders of Tlacotalpan. Their playing predates the movimiento jaranero entirely.
2008 - The Codex Zouche-Nuttall opened. Two folding pages of the Mixtec screenfold in the British Museum. Photographed 2008. It follows the life of the ruler Eight Deer Jaguar Claw across dozens of pages.
2008 - Above Xalapa. The city seen from the Juárez park. Xalapa, Veracruz, 2008. Xalapa sits at around 1,400 metres and is usually in cloud.
2008 - Two pages of the Zouche-Nuttall. A closer view of the same Mixtec manuscript. British Museum, 2008. Screenfold books were painted on both sides and opened out to several metres.
2008 - The barrel hall. Wooden casks sit end-on in their racks. Recorded at Tequila, Jalisco, 2008. Barrels are commonly ex-bourbon, bought in from the United States rather than made here.
2008 - Streets of Tequila. A paved street runs between one-storey buildings. Recorded at Tequila, Jalisco, 2008. Tequila sits under its volcano at the western end of the agave valley.
2008 - Museo Nacional del Tequila. A colonial building houses the town museum. Recorded at Tequila, Jalisco, 2008. It describes itself as the first museum in the world devoted to the spirit, a claim it makes about itself.
2008 - The town centre. Low buildings enclose the town square on all four sides. Recorded at Tequila, Jalisco, 2008. Santiago de Tequila was founded in 1530 by Franciscan friars.
2008 - Parish church at Tequila. The parish tower stands over the low buildings around it. Recorded at Tequila, Jalisco, 2008. Franciscan friars established the settlement, and the church sits at its centre.
2008 - Parish church at Tequila. A colonial facade of pale stone fronts the plaza. Recorded at Tequila, Jalisco, 2008. The building fronts the square in a town that gave a protected spirit its name.
2008 - Agave tequilana Weber Azul. Waxy leaves curve outward, each ending in a hard point. Recorded at Tequila, Jalisco, 2008. A plant needs roughly seven to fourteen years before its core is worth cutting.
2008 - Agave tequilana Weber Azul. A single plant stands in its rosette of stiff, spine-tipped leaves. Recorded at Tequila, Jalisco, 2008. Commercial stock is propagated from offsets called hijuelos rather than from seed, so the fields are effectively clones.
2008 - Volcán de Tequila. The mountain fills the skyline above the planted ground. Recorded at Tequila, Jalisco, 2008. The cone is the landmark visible from most of the inscribed landscape.
2008 - Fermentation tanks. Open vessels stand in a line, filled with working wash. Recorded at Tequila, Jalisco, 2008. From 2004 the council permitted flavoured tequila to carry the name, with 100 percent agave bottlings excepted.
2008 - Copper stills. A row of copper pots runs along the distillery floor. Recorded at Tequila, Jalisco, 2008. The stills are copper, and the wash runs through them twice.
2008 - Entrevista a Silvia Pinal (2008). A 2008 Canal 22 interview with Silvia Pinal. She produced Viridiana herself, which won the Palme d'Or in 1961.
2008-11-14 - La Revolución Mexicana: Ciudad Juárez, Mayo de 1911.. Footage of Ciudad Juárez in May 1911. The fall of Juárez forced Díaz from office within weeks.
2009-02-16 - Documental Narcocorridos.. A documentary on narcocorridos. The subgenre emerged in the 1960s along the Rio Grande in two forms, commercial recordings and private commissions.
2009-04-01 - Piedra del Sol o Calendario Azteca. INAH TV presents the Piedra del Sol, often called the Aztec calendar. It measures about four metres across, weighs over eighteen tonnes and was carved around 1470.
2009-04-02 - Zona Arqueológica de Templo Mayor. Versión Introductoria. INAH TV introduces the Templo Mayor archaeological zone. The building went through seven construction phases, the first after 1325.
2009-04-07 - TEQUILA.net ~ 7 Leguas Tequila - Tahona Extraction. Tahona extraction at 7 Leguas, filmed in 2009. The house is among the small number that never abandoned the stone wheel.
2009-04-14 - MURALES DEL PALACIO DE BELLAS ARTES. An INBAL film on the murals of the Palacio de Bellas Artes. The palace opened in 1934 after decades of interrupted construction.
2009-04-30 - José Guadalupe Posada Documental 1 de 2. The first part of a Posada documentary. His rediscovery came through French and Mexican artists in the 1920s.
2009 - The discovery of pulque. The Toltec ruler Tecpancaltzin on his throne being offered pulque, with Papantzin and his daughter before him. Painted by José María Obregón. In the story Xóchitl brings the new drink to the court and becomes the king's mistress.
2009 - Agave flexispina at UNAM. The species in the ornamental section of the university botanical garden. Mexico City, 2009. The UNAM garden holds one of the country's main living agave collections.
2009 - A mezcal seller at Mitla. A vendor in the town. San Pablo Villa de Mitla, Oaxaca, 2009. Mitla sits on the road east out of Oaxaca that is lined with palenques.
2009 - The avenue from the top of the Sun. A 180 degree sweep down the Avenue of the Dead, taken from the summit of the Pyramid of the Sun. Teotihuacan, State of Mexico, 2009. The avenue runs roughly 15.5 degrees east of true north, an orientation repeated across the whole grid.
2009 - The Pyramid of the Moon at ground level. The pyramid seen from the plaza at its foot. Teotihuacan, State of Mexico, 2009. Its forward platform was where processions on the avenue ended.
2009 - Plan of Santa Rosa Xtampak. A surveyed plan of the Maya site in the Chenes region. Campeche, 2009. Santa Rosa Xtampak is largely unrestored and reached by a rough road.
2009 - The horno. A brick oven stands open with agave stacked inside it. Photographed at Tequila, México, in 2009. Masonry ovens like this are what separate tequila visually from mezcal, which roasts in an earthen pit.
2009 - The barrel hall. Casks are stacked several tiers high in the cellar. Photographed at Tequila, México, in 2009. Extra añejo, a minimum of three years in oak, arrived only through NOM-006-SCFI-2005 and dates from 2006.
2009 - The barrel hall. A long aisle of barrels runs back into the dark. Photographed at Tequila, México, in 2009. Cristalino, an aged tequila filtered back to clear, sits outside the norm and is not a legal class.
2009 - The agave landscape. A working landscape of one plant, stretching out under an open sky. Photographed at Tequila, México, in 2009. Agave has grown across this ground for at least two millennia, for fermented drink and for cloth, long before distillation arrived.
2009 - The agave landscape. The fields sit under the cone that laid down their soil. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2009. The soil is volcanic, worked down from the cone that stands over the valley.
2009 - Agave tequilana Weber Azul. Waxy leaves curve outward, each ending in a hard point. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2009. Since the 1990s Fusarium fungi, Erwinia bacteria and the agave weevil have moved through these plantings, and low diversity makes the damage worse.
2009 - Museo Nacional del Tequila. The museum occupies an old school around a courtyard. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2009. The Museo Nacional del Tequila opened in 2000 in a former school building.
2009 - Piñas cut and stacked. A load of trimmed agave hearts waits to be carried to the ovens. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2009. The stripped core is called the piña for its resemblance to a pineapple.
2009 - Museo Nacional del Tequila. Display cases hold the tools and vessels of the trade. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2009. It describes itself as the first museum in the world devoted to the spirit, a claim it makes about itself.
2009 - The barrel hall. Oak barrels are racked in rows through the ageing hall. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2009. The 2012 revision of the norm barred additives from the silver class.
2009 - Fermentation tanks. Open vessels stand in a line, filled with working wash. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2009. From 2004 the council permitted flavoured tequila to carry the name, with 100 percent agave bottlings excepted.
2009 - Museo Nacional del Tequila. The museum occupies an old school around a courtyard. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2009. The collection covers the tools of the jima and the history of the houses in the valley.
2009 - Streets of Tequila. A narrow street of low painted frontages runs off the square. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2009. The town has been a Pueblo Mágico since 2003, which brought restoration money to these frontages.
2009 - The barrel hall. Oak barrels are racked in rows through the ageing hall. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2009. Cristalino, an aged tequila filtered back to clear, sits outside the norm and is not a legal class.
2009 - Streets of Tequila. A paved street runs between one-storey buildings. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2009. Low colonial building lines survive through the centre of the settlement.
2009 - Parish church at Tequila. A stone church front rises above the roofline of the square. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2009. The parish is dedicated to Santiago Apóstol, the saint the town was founded under in 1530.
2009 - Parish church at Tequila. The parish tower stands over the low buildings around it. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2009. The building fronts the square in a town that gave a protected spirit its name.
2009 - The agave landscape. Blue-grey rows run over the volcanic slopes to the horizon. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2009. UNESCO inscribed 35,019 hectares of this landscape in 2006 as the Agave Landscape and Ancient Industrial Facilities of Tequila.
2009 - The agave landscape. Ranked agave covers the ground in long curving lines. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2009. What was inscribed is a working landscape rather than a monument, fields included.
2009 - The Copper Canyon. The Barrancas del Cobre in the Sierra Tarahumara. Chihuahua, 2009. The canyons and the Chihuahua al Pacífico railway have been used as locations since the studio era.
2009 - The agave landscape. The valley floor is planted edge to edge in a single crop. Photographed at Tequila, Jalisco, in 2009. UNESCO applied criteria ii, iv, v and vi, an unusually broad set that reads the place as continuous practice.
2009 - The agave landscape. The valley floor is planted edge to edge in a single crop. Photographed at Tequila, Hidalgo, in 2009. The Denominación de Origen was declared on 22 November 1974 and published that December.
2009-06-22 - Irmgard Johnson y el estudio de textiles. INAH TV covers Irmgard Johnson and the study of textiles. Johnson documented Mexican weaving techniques over a long research career.
2009-07-13 - Revolución Mexicana 1910 : Reunión de familiares en EU. A Casasola museum piece on a family gathering in the United States during the Revolution. Exile and migration are part of the Revolution's photographic record.
2009-07-20 - Three members of "Son de Madera" talk about improvisation in Son Jarocho. Three members of Son de Madera discuss improvisation for the Smithsonian. Verses are improvised in décima form against a fixed harmonic pattern.
2009-07-28 - Zona Arqueológica del Tajín, Veracruz. INAH TV surveys the archaeological zone of El Tajín in Veracruz. The site holds more ball courts than almost any other in Mesoamerica.
2009-08-07 - Zona Arqueológica de Paquimé. INAH TV surveys the archaeological zone of Paquimé. The adobe city in Chihuahua traded macaws, shell and copper across a wide region.
2009-08-14 - Zona Arqueológica de Malinalco, Estado de México. Videoclip. INAH TV films the archaeological zone of Malinalco. The main temple is carved directly into the living rock of the hillside.
2009-08-29 - Desfile Festival del Mariachi y la Charreria -Guadalajara 2009-. The 2009 mariachi and charrería parade in Guadalajara filmed at length. The pairing of the two traditions in one festival reflects their shared costume history.
2009-09-02 - La Ciudadela y el Templo de la Serpiente Emplumada.. INAH TV covers the Ciudadela and the Temple of the Feathered Serpent. The compound sits at the southern end of the Avenue of the Dead.
2009-09-29 - Las fiestas indígenas dedicadas a los muertos. UNESCO's Spanish service presents the indigenous festivity dedicated to the dead. The inscription was made in 2008 and covers the indigenous observance specifically rather than the national holiday as a whole.
2009-10-08 - 50 Años del descubrimiento de la Tumba del Rey Pakal / 2009. INAH TV marks fifty years since the discovery of Pakal's tomb. Alberto Ruz Lhuillier identified the entrance mechanism in 1948 and the sarcophagus was uncovered in 1952.
2009-10-11 - La historia del maíz. A history of maize. Domestication took thousands of years of selection by farmers.
2009-10-24 - Taller de Máscaras Para Desfile de Calaveras EST3 Atlixco. A school workshop making masks for a skull parade in Atlixco. Schools are a principal route by which the crafts continue.
2009-11-12 - Tequila Herradura en barricas de añejamiento. Herradura's ageing barrels filmed in 2009. Añejo requires small oak barrels specifically, and the size limit is written into the norm.
2010-02-22 - Hallazgo de entierro en Zona Arqueológica de Bonampak. INAH TV reports a burial found at Bonampak. Excavation continues at the site alongside conservation of the murals.
2010-02-26 - El Corrido en la Revolucion Mexicana I. INAH TV examines the corrido during the Mexican Revolution. Before radio and television the form worked as news, with sheet music sold or given away to eulogise leaders and mock enemies while government controlled newspapers ran propaganda.
2010-03-23 - Zona Arqueológica de Tula. INAH TV surveys the archaeological zone of Tula. Tula was the Toltec capital and was remembered by the Mexica as a model of civilisation.
2010-03-26 - Pirámide de Los Nichos en Tajín. INAH TV films the Pyramid of the Niches at El Tajín. The building carries 365 recessed niches, one for each day of the solar year.
2010-04-05 - Yacatas.. INAH TV films the yácatas at Tzintzuntzan. The round-ended stepped platforms are a Purépecha form found nowhere else.
2010-04-07 - Templo de las Inscripciones. INAH TV films the Temple of the Inscriptions. Its Classic Maya name was B'olon Yej Te' Naah, the House of the Nine Sharpened Spears.
2010-05-12 - Descubrimiento del monolito de Tlaltecuhtli. Mexicas. INAH TV reports the discovery of the Tlaltecuhtli monolith. The carved earth deity was found in 2006 near the Templo Mayor platform.
2010-05-20 - Traslado de Tlaltecuhtli.. INAH TV films the transfer of the Tlaltecuhtli monolith. Moving a twelve tonne carving through the historic centre required closing streets.
2010-05-27 - Son de Madera - "La Totolita (The Little Turkey)" [Studio Session]. Smithsonian Folkways publishes Son de Madera performing La Totolita. The label documents the tradition under its own recording programme.
2010 - Before the dive at La Quebrada. A cliff diver making his final preparations. Acapulco, Guerrero, 2010. The divers pray at a shrine to the Virgin of Guadalupe set in the rock before they jump.
2010 - Agave in the Sierra Madre Oriental. Forest habitat near Ciudad Victoria with agave, Juniperus flaccida and Dioon edule. Tamaulipas, 2010. Agaves grow wild across the whole dry Mexican interior, not only in cultivation.
2010 - Agave in the city. A maguey growing in an urban setting. Coacalco, State of Mexico, 2010. The plant survives on almost no water, which is why it is planted along roads.
2010 - A plant at Hierve el Agua. An unidentified plant at the petrified waterfall. Hierve el Agua, Oaxaca, 2010. The site's mineral springs sit above terraces the Zapotecs irrigated over two thousand years ago.
2010 - A plant at Tlayacapan. An unidentified plant in the town. Tlayacapan, Morelos, 2010. Tlayacapan keeps a sixteenth-century Augustinian monastery listed by UNESCO.
2010 - A large maguey at the Olmedo museum. A big agave in the museum grounds. Mexico City, 2010. The Dolores Olmedo museum occupies a sixteenth-century hacienda in Xochimilco.
2010 - Peacock and maguey. A bird beside an agave in the museum gardens. Museo Dolores Olmedo, Mexico City, 2010. Olmedo kept peacocks and xoloitzcuintle dogs on the grounds.
2010 - Tepoztécatl, god of pulque. One face of a carved stone showing the pulque god. Palacio de Cortés, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 2010. The Mexica counted four hundred pulque gods, the Centzon Totochtin, the four hundred rabbits.
2010 - The bar at Mezcal Pensamiento. The counter of the shop in the market town. Tlacolula, Oaxaca, 2010. Buying mezcal by tasting straight from the jar is the normal way of doing it here.
2010 - A mezcal cask. A wooden barrel at Mezcal Pensamiento. Tlacolula, Oaxaca, 2010. Most artisanal mezcal is sold unaged, so the cask is the exception rather than the rule.
2010 - The Mezcal Pensamiento front. The shopfront in Tlacolula. Oaxaca, 2010. Tlacolula's Sunday market draws buyers from the whole valley.
2010 - Mezcals for sale. A range of bottles at Mezcal Pensamiento. Tlacolula, Oaxaca, 2010. Wild agave mezcals, tobalá and tepeztate among them, are made in tiny quantities from plants that take decades.
2010 - Monte Albán from the north. A panorama of the plaza taken from the North Platform, stitched from several frames. Oaxaca, 2010. The site was occupied for roughly 1,300 years before it was largely abandoned.
2010 - Monte Albán. The plaza and its flanking platforms seen along the long axis. Oaxaca, 2010. The site was listed by UNESCO in 1987 together with the historic centre of Oaxaca.
2010 - Stelae at Monte Albán. Carved uprights standing in a group on the plaza floor. Monte Albán, Oaxaca, 2010. Building J carries slabs naming places thought to have been conquered.
2010 - The stone mosaics of Mitla. Geometric fretwork panels built from small cut stones without mortar. Mitla, Oaxaca, 2010. Every piece is cut to fit and held by nothing but its neighbours.
2010 - The ball court on Christmas morning. The court photographed in early light on 25 December. Chichén Itzá, Yucatán, 2010. The rings sit about six metres up the wall, which makes any account of the game a difficult one.
2010 - The plaza in panorama. A wide stitched view of the Monte Albán main plaza. Oaxaca, 2010. The plaza runs roughly 300 metres north to south.
2010 - Agave tequilana Weber Azul. One mature plant fills the frame, its leaves edged with hooked spines. Tequila, Jalisco, 2010. A plant needs roughly seven to fourteen years before its core is worth cutting.
2010 - Agave tequilana Weber Azul. One mature plant fills the frame, its leaves edged with hooked spines. Tequila, Jalisco, 2010. The leaves end in a hard terminal spine, which is one reason the harvest is skilled work.
2010 - Streets of Tequila. Whitewashed walls and iron balconies front a side street. Tequila, Jalisco, 2010. The town has been a Pueblo Mágico since 2003, which brought restoration money to these frontages.
2010 - Parish church at Tequila. A colonial facade of pale stone fronts the plaza. Tequila, Jalisco, 2010. Franciscan friars established the settlement, and the church sits at its centre.
2010 - The agave landscape. Blue-grey rows run over the volcanic slopes to the horizon. Tequila, Jalisco, 2010. UNESCO inscribed 35,019 hectares of this landscape in 2006 as the Agave Landscape and Ancient Industrial Facilities of Tequila.
2010 - Fermentation tanks. Open vessels stand in a line, filled with working wash. Tequila, Jalisco, 2010. A bottle that does not say 100 percent agave is a mixto, at least 51 percent agave sugars and up to 49 percent from elsewhere.
2010 - The horno. A brick oven stands open with agave stacked inside it. Tequila, Oaxaca, 2010. Nineteenth and twentieth century industrial buildings of this kind were explicitly inscribed by UNESCO in 2006.
2010 - The agave landscape. Rows follow the contour of the hillside in a grey-green corduroy. Tequila, Jalisco, 2010. Rows are planted to allow a jimador to walk between them with a long-handled blade.
2010-06-19 - Jimador harvesting the blue agave for tequila. A food journalist films blue agave being harvested for tequila. Over 300 million plants are cut in a year across the appellation.
2010-06-20 - Moctezuma II. INAH TV presents Moctezuma II. He ruled at the height of Mexica power and died during the Spanish occupation of the city.
2010-08-23 - Zona Arqueológica de Cobá / 2010. INAH TV surveys the archaeological zone of Cobá. Cobá was the most important northern Maya capital in its period.
2010-09-05 - Grupo Estanzuela - El Cascabel - Documental. A documentary featuring Grupo Estanzuela performing El Cascabel. Village groups sustain the repertoire outside the professional circuit.
2010-09-14 - Lugares con Historia - Casa de los Azulejos. Canal Once visits the Casa de los Azulejos. The eighteenth century palace is faced entirely in Puebla tile.
2010-09-21 - 17-09-2010. SERIE: Pensamientos - Frida Kahlo.. A university series programme on Frida Kahlo. By the early 1990s she had become an icon for Chicano culture, feminism and LGBTQ+ communities.
2010-09-27 - Moctezuma II La caída. INAH TV covers the fall of Moctezuma II. Cortés arrived on 8 November 1519 and the city fell on 13 August 1521 after a siege of over ninety days.
2010-10-04 - Conversando con Cristina Pacheco - Chavela Vargas. Cristina Pacheco interviews Chavela Vargas for Canal Once. Vargas was born in Costa Rica in 1919, emigrated to Mexico at seventeen and took Mexican citizenship.
2010-10-19 - A Jimador's Tool: The Making of. The making of a jimador's tool, filmed in 2010. Blades are forged and fitted locally, which keeps the design tied to the region rather than to a manufacturer.
2010-10-26 - ¿Qué son los Códices?. INAH TV explains what the codices are. They were painted on amate, the bark paper of the fig tree, or on stitched deerskin, in screenfolds, strips, rolls and cloths.
2010-10-29 - ¿Cómo se hacían los Códices?. INAH TV explains how the codices were made. The tlacuilo was the painter-scribe who produced them.

…and 2,505 more moments.

Full text archive: /loreline-text/mexico.md