Underground

We live on a thin skin. Beneath it are voids that water spent millions of years dissolving, shafts people sank looking for salt and gold and coal, cities carved out of soft rock by populations hiding from armies, and a biosphere of microbes that may outweigh everything walking around up here. Below all of that is a planet we have never seen and never will, the deepest hole ever drilled reached twelve kilometres and stopped, which is not quite a third of the way through the crust, let alone the six thousand to the centre. Everything we know about the inside of the Earth we learned by listening to earthquakes. The underground is also where the record is kept: it buried Pompeii and preserved it, held Tutankhamun for three thousand years, and kept the oldest art anyone has found on walls that no daylight ever reached. This archive goes down through all of it, the caves, the mines, the digs, the tunnels, the life, the descent, the deep earth, and the underworld people imagined long before they could measure any of it.

A chronological documentary of 647 moments spanning 4000 BC–2026 on Loreline.

Curated by Olivier · last updated 2026-08-22

Eras

Geology, What the ground is made of and how it moves. Plate tectonics and the mantle, the rock cycle, volcanoes and magma chambers, aquifers and groundwater, the deepest boreholes ever drilled, and the instruments that read a planet nobody can see into.
Earthquakes, The ground failing. Faults and how they rupture, seismology and the seismograph, the big ones from Lisbon to Tōhoku, early-warning systems, building codes and what survives, and the search-and-rescue work in the first seventy-two hours.
Soil & Worms, The living few metres at the top. Soil horizons and how long they take to form, the worms Darwin spent forty years on, mycorrhizal networks and the fungi that trade with roots, burrowing animals, the seed bank, and the erosion that removes it all faster than it accumulates.
Caves, The hollow places. Limestone and karst, stalactites and stalagmites, lava tubes and ice caves, crystal chambers, the biggest caverns yet found, and how a cave is surveyed and mapped.
Caving, Going in. Sport caving and expedition caving, the deep systems of Krubera and Veryovkina, rope work and sumps, cave diving and its fatality rate, the Thai cave rescue of 2018, and the people who keep going back down.
Cave Life, What lives in permanent darkness. Bats and their colonies, blind fish and cave salamanders, troglobites that lost their eyes and pigment, extremophiles in deep rock, and the microbiology of places sunlight never reaches.
Cave Art, The oldest pictures. Chauvet, Lascaux, Altamira, El Castillo and the Sulawesi hand stencils, ochre and charcoal and blown pigment, the dating arguments, and the replica caves built because human breath was destroying the originals.
Archaeology, Digging up what people left. Stratigraphy and the trench, Pompeii and Herculaneum, Çatalhöyük and Sutton Hoo, ground-penetrating radar and LiDAR, radiocarbon dating, and the finds that rewrote a chronology.
Tombs, Burial as architecture. Tutankhamun and the Valley of the Kings, Qin Shi Huang's terracotta army and the unopened mound, Newgrange and the passage graves, mummies and bog bodies, and the grave goods that tell you what a society valued.
Catacombs, The cities of the dead beneath cities. Rome's Christian catacombs, the Paris ossuary and its six million, the Capuchin crypts, Odesa and Naples, and the tunnels people later used to hide, smuggle or party in.
Rock Churches, Buildings cut down into the ground instead of up from it. Lalibela's monolithic churches, Petra, the Cappadocian settlements of Göreme and Derinkuyu, the cliff monasteries of the Judean desert, and the ceilings that were once solid stone.
Mines, Taking the rock out. Coal and copper and salt, the shaft and the drift, room-and-pillar and longwall, the cage and the headframe, the mining town, the machines that replaced ten thousand men, and the pits that closed.
Gold Rush, Sudden wealth underground. California in 1849, the Klondike and Witwatersrand, the panning and the claim, boomtowns built and abandoned in a decade, and the artisanal gold miners still going down on ropes today.
Lithium & Cobalt, The mining the energy transition runs on. Lithium brines and hard-rock spodumene, cobalt in the Congo and the artisanal pits, rare earths and their processing, deep-sea nodules, and the supply chains behind every battery.
Mining Disasters, When it goes wrong. Firedamp and coal-dust explosions, roof falls and floods, Aberfan and Courrières and Senghenydd, the Chilean thirty-three and their sixty-nine days, mine rescue teams, and the inquiries that followed.
Tunnels, Boring through. The tunnel boring machine and the roadheader, the Channel Tunnel and the Gotthard Base, metro construction under a live city, sewers and utility tunnels, and the deep repositories being built to hold nuclear waste for a hundred thousand years.
Secret Tunnels, Underground because it had to be hidden. Escape tunnels under the Berlin Wall, the Cu Chi network, smuggling and cartel tunnels, wartime bunkers and command centres, the Underground Railroad, and the places people went to survive a government.
Myth, The underworld as an idea. Hades and Sheol and Xibalba, hollow-earth theories and the people who believed them, the journey down and back in myth and literature, and the persistent human conviction that something is under there.

c. 4000 BC - Flint in the Form of a Bird. (5000–2950 BCE), Naqada II–III (3650–3000 BCE), dated 4000–3000 BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 3800 BC - Seal Amulet in the form of a Lion's Head. 3800–3500 BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 3000 BC - Kandila (Collared Jar with Conical Foot). ), Greece, Cycladic, dated 3000–2950 BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 1980 BC - Sickle Blade. (2040–1648 BCE), Dynasty 12, dated 1980–1801 BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 1980 BC - Sickle Blades. (2040–1648 BCE), Dynasty 12, dated 1980–1801 BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 1918 BC - Coffin of Senbi (Lid). ), Egypt, Meir, Middle Kingdom (2040–1648 BCE), Dynasty 12, reign of Amenemhat II (1929–1895 BCE), reign of Senusret III (1878–1839 BCE), dated 1918–1859 BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 1540 BC - Fragment of a Necklace. (1540–1069 BCE), Dynasty 18, dated 1540–1296 BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 1069 BC - Amulet of Bastet. (1069–715 BCE), dated c. 1069–715 BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 1000 BC - Coffin of Bakenmut. (1069–715 BCE), Dynasties 21–22, dated c. 1000–900 BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 990 BC - Shawabty of Pinudjem I, High Priest of Amen and King. (1069–715 BCE), Dynasty 21, dated c. 990–969 BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 976 BC - Coffin of Nesykhonsu. (1069–715 BCE), Dynasties 21–22, dated c. 976–889 BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 664 BC - Amulet of a Crouching Bear. (715–332 BCE), dated 664–332 BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 664 BC - Canopic Jar with Jackal's Head (lid). ), Egypt, Late period (715–332 BCE), Dynasty 26, dated 664–525 BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 664 BC - Canopic Jar with Man's Head (lid). ), Egypt, Late period (715–332 BCE), Dynasty 26, dated 664–525 BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 664 BC - Canopic Jar with Baboon's Head (lid). ), Egypt, Late period (715–332 BCE), Dynasty 26, dated 664–525 BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 499 BC - Black-Gloss Oil Lamp. 400s BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 360 BC - Shawabty of Nectanebo II. (715–332 BCE), Dynasty 30, reign of Nectanebo II (358–340 BCE), dated 360–342 BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 100 BC - Lamp. 100–1 BCE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 60 BC - Oil Lamp. (c. 50 BCE, 50 CE), dated c. 50 BCE, 50 CE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
c. 50 BC - Cartonnage Mummy Case. (332 BCE, 395 CE), Ptolemaic dynasty (305–30 BCE), Roman empire (30 BCE, 395 CE), dated c. 50 BCE, 50 CE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
0025 - Funerary Portrait of a Young Girl. 25–37 CE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
0100 - Sarcophagus. 100–125 CE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
0138 - Funerary Panel of a Man. (Egypt), unknown painter, dated about 138–92 CE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
0138 - Funerary Portrait of a Woman. 138–92 CE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
0200 - Relief Portrait Head of the Emperor Balbinus. 238 CE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
0250 - Axe. 250–900 CE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
0350 - Funerary Urn. 350–500 CE. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
0600 - Eccentric Flint. (250-900), dated 600–900. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
1000 - Animal-Headed Figure Pendant. 1000-1550, dated c. 1000–1550. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
1200 - Funerary Mask. 13th-16th century, dated 1200–1500. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
1200 - Funerary Female Figure. 15th-16th century, dated 1200–1500. Museum photograph of an excavated object; the date given is the object's, not the photograph's.
1737-01-01 - Ancient Egyptian Mummies - Pomet's Drogues. Ancient Egyptian Mummies from Pierre Pomet's Histoire Générale des Drogues (1694) by Pierre Pomet [1658 - 1699] Compleat History of Druggs, a - translated 1737 https://archive.org/details/compleathist. Period photograph.
1816 - Disposition des os dans les catacombes, 1816, D.16744. Auteur(s): Forbes, James (Londres, 1749 - 1819), dessinateur Date de production: En 1816 Type(s) d'objet(s): Dessin, Arts graphiques Dénomination(s): Dessin Dimensions - Oeuvre: Hauteur: 21.4 cm Larg.
1816 - Le puits, ou source de l’oubli, aux Catacombes, 1816. D.16748. Auteur(s): Forbes, James (Londres, 1749 - 1819), dessinateur Date de production: En 1816 Type(s) d'objet(s): Dessin, Arts graphiques Dénomination(s): Dessin Dimensions - Oeuvre: Hauteur: 15.4 cm Larg.
1850-06-15 - Paris Catacombes 008. Besucher in den Katakomben von Paris, Zeichnung (Anfang des 19. Jahrhunderts). Period photograph.
1855-02-10 - Pen and Pencil (newspaper), 10 February 1855 page 5. Pen and Pencil, Saturday, 10 February 1855, No. 1, Vol I., page 5 of 16, including illustrations. An illustration from Pen and Pencil (an illustrated Family Newspaper). The Sister of Charity. The Ca. Period photograph.
1859-06-15 - Plate II- Topaz, Garnet, Vesuvian, Idocrase, Chrysolite, Olivine, Pistacite, Epidote, Turq. Figures 1-7. The Topaz. 1. Topaz 2. The same [Topaz] 3. Dark Yellow Topaz 4. Sea-green Topaz or Aquamarine 5. Light Yellow Topaz 6. Dark Yellow Topaz 7. The same [Dark Yellow Topaz] Figures 8-19. The. Period photograph.
1859-06-15 - Plate XII- Sulphur, Honey-Stone, Graphite, Coal, Lignite - - f8bf61b7c988972178384f3d01ded. Figures 1-3. Sulphur. 1. Native Sulphur 2. The same [Native Sulphur] 3. The same [Native Sulphur] Figure 4. Honey-Stone. 4. Honey-Stone or Mellite Figures 5-7. Graphite. 5. Graphite Plumbago 6. Clear. Period photograph.
1862-06-15 - Catacombes - Fontaine de la Samaritaine - estampe - APMartial (Potémont) - btv1b84574460. Sujet: Puits Paris (France) -- Catacombes Paysages -- 19e siècle Collection: [Ancien Paris]; 271 Collection: [Ancien Paris]; 271 Éditeur: [Cadart et Luquet; Potémont] (Paris). Period photograph.
1863 - Lantern Slide Earthworm -- Larder - John H Crabtree - 118 1934 48. This photographic slide shows a feature in the soil and is entitled ‘Earthworm - larder’. The slide was part of the collection belonging to John Crabtree and is within a set of slides of nature and bi. Period photograph.
1874 - The Quarterly journal of the Geological Society of London. W. TOPLET OK AREAS OF APPARENT UPHEAVAL. 189 these rocks would he affected by this amount, besides that resulting from the thinning of the higher Secondary rocks themselves. We see, then, that in esti. Period photograph.
1893 - Vue d'une des parois d'une galerie de l'Ossuaire des Catacombes, 1893, PH10012. Auteur(s): Anonyme, photographe Autre titre: Galerie de l'Ossuaire, Catacombes, 14ème arrondissement, Paris. (Titre factice) Date de production: En 1893 Type(s) d'objet(s): Photographie, Arts graphiqu.
1897 - George Carnac, miner. Title: George Carnac, miner Abstract/medium: 1 photographic print. Period photograph.
1900-06-15 - A power drill at the Echo Mining Company mine, Mojave Mining District, ca.1900 (CHS. A power drill at the Echo Mining Company mine, Mojave Mining District, ca.1900 Photograph of a power drill in operation at the Echo Mining Company mine, Mojave Mining District. Dust is generated at ri. Period photograph.
1900-06-15 - E.M. Hamilton, discoverer of Willow Springs Mine near Rosamond, Antelope Valley, at the mi. 1900 Photograph of miner E.M. Hamilton, discoverer of Willow Springs Mine near Rosamond, Antelope Valle. Period photograph.
1900-06-15 - Group of prospectors on the Colorado River in Glen Canyon up from Lee's Ferry, Grand Canyo. 1900 Photograph of a group of five prospectors on the Colorado River in Glen Canyon up from Lee's Ferry. Period photograph.
1900-06-15 - Interior view of mine and miners in the Mohawk Mine, Goldfield, Nevada, ca.1900. 1905 Photograph of the interior view of mine, miners and $80,000 to the ton in gold sitting on the ledge in the Mohawk M. Period photograph.
1900 - Mass portrait, Congo, ca. 1900. 1915 Black and white lantern slide showing a portrait of many men, women and children posed what may be a hill up to a mine-shaft in colonial Belgian Congo (present day. Period photograph.
1901-02-01 - Derby Mine, Mill & Camp, Thumb Butte Prescott. Millsite and Camp, Derby Mine, Prescott Arizona -Thumb Butte Mining District, George U. Young. Period photograph.
1905-01-01 - Derby Mine George Young Highland Pines Prescott. Miners in Thumb Butte Mining District, George U. Young of Derby Mines, Prescott, Yavapai County, Arizona Territory. Period photograph.
1905 - File-A0305-2--Main Line Scranton Division--Nay Aug Tunnel--East End. A0305-2--Main Line Scranton Division--Nay Aug Tunnel--East End [1905.12.11] Keywords: tunnel; Railroads; (NPS Focus Subject Thesaurus). Period photograph.
1905 - File-A0017--Old mine opening -?. A0017--Old mine opening [?] [1905.03.09] Keywords: Anthracite industry; (NPS Focus Subject Thesaurus); Mining. Period photograph.
1905 - File-A0018--Old mine opening -?. A0018--Old mine opening [?] [1905.03.09] Keywords: snow; abandonned; Anthracite industry; (NPS Focus Subject Thesaurus); Mining. Period photograph.
1906 - File-A0310-A0314--Main Line Scranton Division--Nay Aug Tunnel. A0313 Concrete Arch West Keywords: tunnel; retaining wall; Railroads; (NPS Focus Subject Thesaurus). Period photograph.
1909 - Coal wagons waiting in line 6 blocks long to get coal at one of the largest coal yards in. Title: Coal wagons waiting in line 6 blocks long to get coal at one of the largest coal yards in Chicago... Abstract/medium: 1 photographic print. Period photograph.
1910-06-15 - Italian and African-American Clay Miners in Mine Shaft. Title: Italian and African-American Clay Miners in Mine Shaft. Period photograph.
1911 - Vecsembükki expedíció 002 képeslap 1911 B.I.G. Members of Vecsembükk expedition in 1911 (Hungary). Period photograph.
1911 - Vecsembükki expedíció Bekey Imre Gábor 1911. Photograph showing vecsembükki expedíció bekey imre gábor 1911. Period photograph.
1911 - Lewis Hine, Jim McNulty, 15 years old, miner, North Pittston, Pennsylvania, 1911. Jim McNulty, 10 Morgan St. Is a leader inside the mine at Leadville Shaft. Said he was 15 years old. Location: North Pittston, Pennsylvania. Photograph by Lewis Wickes Hine, January 1911. [PD] This p. Period photograph.
1914 - 1914 Fortepan 62768. Photograph showing 1914 fortepan 62768. Period photograph.
1915 - Company buildings. Lovett, Alberta, ca. 1915. From the Godby Family fonds, PR2009.0441/15. Period photograph.
1915 - Company houses. Mining company houses set up on clear-cut land. Lovett, Alberta, ca. 1915. From the Godby Family fonds, PR2009.0441/15. Period photograph.
1915 - Company houses and store. Mining company houses and store on clear-cut land. Lovett, Alberta, ca. 1915. From the Godby Family fonds, PR2009.0441/15. Period photograph.
1922 - Coal executives, 7-31-22. Title: Coal executives, 7/31/22 Abstract/medium: 1 negative: glass; 5 x 7 in. or smaller. Period photograph.
1922 - Tutankhamen's Tomb (1922). British Pathe newsreel shot at the Valley of the Kings showing the gated entrance to the tomb in the year of its discovery.
1923 - Coal mining. Title: Coal mining Abstract/medium: National Photo Company Collection (Library of Congress) Physical description: 1 negative:. Period photograph.
1927 - Groep gemummificeerde lijken, mummies op Luçon op de Filipijnen, SFA022815205. Omschrijving: Groep gemummificeerde lijken / mummies op Luçon op de Filipijnen. De doden worden daar bij elkaar gezet op een heilige plek in de bergen, waar ze door de zon verdrogen en mummificeren. 1. Period photograph.
1933 - Tinstone: how it is obtained in a Cornish mine (1933). British Pathe newsreel showing black tin ore raised from a Cornish mine and put through its first crushing.
1934 - Bethel excavations matpc.16401. Title: Bethel excavations Abstract/medium: G. Eric and Edith Matson Photograph Collection Physical description: 1 negative:. Period photograph.
1939 - The Sutton Hoo ship burial: 1939 excavation footage. Archive film of the 1939 dig at Sutton Hoo in Suffolk, showing the ship's imprint emerging from the sand.
1948 - The Cornish engine (1948). Shell's 1948 documentary on the Cornish pumping engines, in their day the most powerful and economical steam pumps in the world, which kept the tin mines dry.
1950-06-15 - Reproductions of cave paintings in the Altamira Cave, Spain, from the Illustrated London N. Title: Reproductions of cave paintings in the Altamira Cave, Spain, from the Illustrated London News, Aug. 17, 1912 Abstract/medium: G. Eric and Edith Matson Photograph Collection Physical description.
1950-06-15 - Coal Miners. Title: Coal Miners Abstract/medium: 1 negative: glass; 5 x 7 in. or smaller.
1952 - Lascaux: Cradle of Man's Art (1952). An early documentary filmed when Lascaux was still open, twelve years after its discovery.
1957-06-15 - Kulutusosuuskuntien Keskusliiton kokoelma D1974 7486H. Otanmäen kaivoksen työntekijöitä. Alkuperäinen kuvateksti: "Jämeriä 'mainareita' kaivoskuilun edustalla. Vasemmalta työnjohtaja Sulo Orvassaari, huoltomies Matti Lankinen ja konelastaaja Toivo Ohvanai.
1961 - Project Mohole: Drilling for the Mantle. Period film documenting Project Mohole, the American attempt to drill through the ocean crust to the Mohorovicic discontinuity as an Earth-science answer to the Space Race.
1966 - Aberfan: valley of sorrow (1966). British Pathe newsreel filmed at Aberfan after a colliery spoil tip slid onto Pantglas Junior School and part of the village on 21 October 1966.
1966 - Cornish tin mining at Camborne (1966). Newsreel following miners into the cage at Camborne, then through the winding gear and ore dressing floors above ground.
1970 - How Plate Tectonics Was Discovered. A 1970 documentary laying out the evidence that convinced geologists to adopt plate tectonics as the unifying theory of Earth.
1970-10-28 - Britain: revival of tin mining (1970). Agency newsreel on the attempted revival of Cornish tin mining, an industry killed less by exhausted lodes than by the tin price slump of 1890 and the Depression.
1974 - American strip mining in Appalachia (1974). Thames Television report on twenty-five years of strip mining across the Appalachian mountains, with whole mountainsides blasted for thin coal seams.
1985-01-17 - Waverly Person, USGS seismologist. Waverly Person, who for decades headed the US Geological Survey's National Earthquake Information Center and became the public voice explaining earthquakes detected from deep within the Earth.
1989 - SeismographLomaPreitaQuakeSeismologistSmile. Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake October 17, 1989. Menlo Park. Seismographs at the U.S. Geological Survey record the north-south horizontal, east-west horizontal, and vertical components of the ear.
1990 - South Korean counter-tunnel. A West German engineer inspects a tunnel boring machine inside a South Korean counter-tunnel constructed to eliminate the value of North Korean tunnel No. 4 by intersecting it. Both tunnels are locate.
1995 - Gaping Gill: a hundred years of exploration. A 1995 film marking the centenary of Martel's first descent of Gaping Gill in Yorkshire, with Bradford Pothole Club members in period dress.
1998-03-06 - Cornwall's last tin mine closes, 1998. BBC Spotlight report filmed underground at South Crofty near Camborne on 6 March 1998, its final day of production.
2000 - Panel of simple figures with boomerangs - Google Art Project. Photograph showing panel of simple figures with boomerangs - google art project.
2000-09-07 - 14 644 Grotta di Nettuno, Höhlensee. Kurz nach dem Eingang, der Höhlensee ist mit dem Meer verbunden. Von rechts fällt durch den Höhleneingang Tageslicht ein.
2008-01-31 - Seismic Imaging of the Earth's Interior. Barbara Romanowicz on using seismic tomography to map the deep structure and dynamics of the planet.
2008-05-20 - Aven Armand 6. Aven Armand cave. Pictures were taken without flash, and the lighting is the one which can be seen today by any visitor. The first picture features the grande stalagmite, the highest known stalagmite.
2008-07-06 - Bronsalderslik. Borum Eshøj Man of the Nordic Bronze Age at National Museum of Copenhagen, Denmark.
2008-08-08 - Momie Xom Cai. Momie de Xom Cai, Vietnam's History Museum in Ho Chi Minh City.
2008-09-06 - GiedraitisMerkelis2. Varniai church, Mummie of Simonas Mykolas Giedraitis, Lithuania.
2008-10-24 - The Cicada Life Cycle. David Attenborough narrates the cicada's years underground feeding on root sap before a synchronised mass emergence.
2008-11-12 - Kiger Gorge in the Steens Mountain country. Description/Notes: Kiger Gorge is the only example of glaciation in southeastern Oregon as seen from Rim Rock, far above the floor of the U-shaped valley. Photo is number 3819. Original Collection: Ed.
2008-12-29 - The Terracotta Warriors. National Geographic's short account of the chance discovery of the buried army built to protect China's first emperor.
2009-02-12 - Mammoth Cave Nat Park banner. "Stalactites and stalagmites inside Mammoth Cave, formed by dripping water.".
2009-05-02 - Earthworms are vital to soil health because they transport nutrients and minerals from bel. This image or file is a work of a United States Department of Agriculture employee, taken or made as part of that person's official duties. As a work of the U.S. federal government, the image is in t.
2009-05-22 - Altamira, bison, museum. Bison from the model of the ceiling of Altamira, in the Brno museum Anthropos. Modern photograph of an ancient site.
2009-05-22 - Altamira, bison, museum 02. Bison from the model of the ceiling of Altamira, in the Brno museum Anthropos. Modern photograph of an ancient site.
2009-07-30 - Geologic Carbon Sequestration: Injecting CO2 Underground. A Berkeley Lab public lecture on capturing, compressing and storing carbon dioxide in geological formations.
2009-09-08 - The Dikteon Cave, Crete. The Dikteon Cave on Crete, a limestone cave used as a cult site from the Minoan period and known in Greek myth as a birthplace of Zeus.
2009-11-20 - Cave exploration in Borneo. BBC's Expedition Borneo team splits between separate caves in search of bats and snakes.
2009-12-14 - ORL 33 tab 06 pic 02 Anlegestelle. Photograph showing orl 33 tab 06 pic 02 anlegestelle. Modern photograph of an ancient site.
2010-02-13 - 200 - Grotte de Carlsbad - Février 2010. Panorama of a part of the Big Room cave chamber in Carlsbad Caverns, New Mexico, United States.
2010-04-24 - MTS Perforator Tunnelbohrmaschine. 2010 in München.
2010-05-15 - Han Earthquake-detecting Machine Model - 2. Henan Provincial Museum, Zhengzhou. Complete indexed photo collection at WorldHistoryPics.com.
2010-06-03 - Wieliczka salt mine (UNESCO). UNESCO record of the Wieliczka-Bochnia rock salt deposit, mined since the thirteenth century and holding 300km of galleries over nine levels.

…467 further moments continue the chronology here. Full text archive: /loreline-text/underground.md

2010-06-04 - A cave rescue rope pickoff demonstrated. Phil of British Columbia Cave Rescue demonstrates a single rope technique pickoff, the manoeuvre used to reach a casualty stranded on a rope.
2010 - Soil Survey. A worm on a sample from the Btg horizon of a Ciales soil in El Yunque National Forest, PR. Macro-organisms, such as this earthworm, can dramatically alter soil structure, water movement, nutrient dyna.
2010 - Cave paintings at Ana Kai Tangata
2010-06-30 - Ice Cave - Southern Alps. Original Collection: Visual Instruction Department Lantern Slides Item Number: P217:set 039 054 You can find this image by searching for the item number by clicking here. Want more? You can find more.
2010-08-27 - Video tour of the trapped Chilean miners' refuge. Footage released in August 2010 showing the 33 men and the shelter where they were confined after the San Jose copper mine collapsed three weeks earlier.
2010-10-12 - The first Chilean miner is rescued. Florencio Avalos steps from the rescue capsule as the operation to lift the 33 men from the San Jose mine begins.
2010-10-13 - The last trapped Chilean miner is rescued. Raw agency footage of 13 October 2010, when the last of the 33 men was raised, ending the longest underground entrapment on record.
2011-02-19 - Ancient cave - home in Horvat Anim. Surrounding the synagogue there was a village comprised of caves used as homes in the 3-4 C CE. Modern photograph of an ancient site.
2011-02-24 - FDT rue Saint-Jacques. Inscription "FDT" on the wall of a restaurant 163bis rue Saint-Jacques, Paris 5th arr. FDT = Fief Des Tombes (=Fief of the graves) is the former name of Catacombes. Modern photograph of an ancient site.
2011-03-30 - Inside the BGS Seismology Lab. Dr Brian Baptie introduces the British Geological Survey's earthquake monitoring work from the Edinburgh seismology laboratory.
2011-05-06 - Cave in Rugova Mountain. Great Cave in Rugova Gorge is a rare beauty of the underground terrains in Kosovo. It is estimated that this cave is one of the most attractive natural objects for the conduction of research and touri.
2011-05-10 - Werner Herzog on Cave of Forgotten Dreams. The director on filming inside Chauvet, one of the few outsiders granted access to the sealed cave.
2011 - Nz glowworm. Glowworm (Arachnocampa luminosa) in a cave in New Zealand.
2011-07-26 - Unearthing the Wood-Wide Web. The Open University on where fungi live in soil and how the plant-fungus network was first investigated.
2011-08-01 - Cradle of Gold: Hiram Bingham and Machu Picchu. Historian Christopher Heaney on Bingham's 1911 expedition and the dispute over the artefacts he removed.
2011-08-24 - Estación sísmica en Timanfaya- Lanzarote- Illas Canarias- Spain-T16. Seismometer, Natural Park of Timamfaya, Lanzarote, Spain.
2011-11-17 - The Cu Chi tunnel system. A look at the layered tunnel network used against American forces during the Vietnam War.
2012-03-14 - Bat white-nose syndrome: a new fungus among us. USGS lecture by Dr David Blehert on the disease first found in a New York cave in 2007, which by 2012 had killed more than five million hibernating bats.
2012-04-11 - Shale Gas, Hydraulic Fracturing and Induced Earthquakes. A USGS public lecture separating the evidence on injection-induced seismicity from the surrounding noise.
2012 - A geoscientist intern at Mammoth Cave. A National Park Service photograph of a Geoscientists-in-the-Parks intern at Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky, the longest known cave system in the world.
2012-06-29 - Induced Seismicity and Shale Gas. Professor Peter Styles of Keele University addresses the Geological Society on earthquakes caused by fracking.
2012-08-13 - John Thomas Hollings. This mug shot comes from a police identification book believed to be from the 1930s. It was originally found in a junk shop by a member of the public and subsequently donated to Tyne & Wear Archives &.
2012-09-29 - Balve-Reckenhoehle 10. Balve, Reckenhöhle, Detail der Kalksteinformationen, Stalaktiten, Münzen von Besuchern hinterlassen.
2012-10-08 - Guillermo de Anda: caves of the Maya dead. The underwater archaeologist describes diving remote flooded caves and cenotes in Mexico for traces of Maya ritual use.
2012-11-26 - 12.11.26 TBM breaking out. מכונת TBM פורצת החוצה ממנהרה מספר 1 בקו הרכבת המהיר לירושלים.
2013-02-04 - Richard III skeleton confirmed authentic. Channel 4 News reports the identification of the Leicester car-park skeleton in February 2013.
2013-02-06 - Richard III: the scientific outcome. The full 4 February 2013 press conference presenting the DNA, radiocarbon and osteological evidence.
2013-02-19 - Faces of Earth: Shaping the Planet. Episode two of the American Geosciences Institute series, going inside tectonic events as earthquakes and volcanoes remake the surface.
2013-02-27 - Cave interior: Natural cave habitat. A public-domain photograph of a cave interior showing natural cave habitat.
2013-02-27 - Cave interior: Flowing water with low ceiling and many small stalactites. A public-domain photograph of a cave interior showing flowing water with low ceiling and many small stalactites.
2013-02-27 - Cave interior: Waterway with arched ceiling and flowing water in channel. A public-domain photograph of a cave interior showing waterway with arched ceiling and flowing water in channel.
2013-03-05 - The science of sinkholes. USGS geologist Randall Orndorff on how dissolution of soluble rock creates the voids that later collapse into sinkholes.
2013-04-16 - The Waitomo caves. Science explainer on the New Zealand cave system where glowworms emit a blue-green light across the roof.
2013-05-10 - Interior of Bet Debre Sina (Bet Mikael) Rock-Hewn Church - Lalibela - Ethiopia - 01
2013-05-10 - Detail of Door of Bet Debre Sina (Bet Mikael) Rock-Hewn Church - Lalibela - Ethiopia - 01
2013-05-12 - Christian Symbols in Bet Debre Sina Rock-Hewn Church - Lalibela - Ethiopia
2013-05-12 - Interior of Bet Giyorgis Rock-Hewn Church - Lalibela - Ethiopia
2013-05-12 - Detail of Facade of Bet Giyorgis Rock-Hewn Church - Lalibela - Ethiopia - 01
2013-05-24 - Altamira and the Palaeolithic cave art of northern Spain. UNESCO on the seventeen decorated caves inscribed alongside Altamira, listed in 1985.
2013-06-10 - Seismology 101. Caltech's short primer on how seismologists read the waves that pass through the planet.
2013-06-22 - Mary Beard: Pompeii - Life and Death in a Roman Town. Classicist Mary Beard's BBC documentary reconstructs everyday Roman life from the evidence buried by Vesuvius.
2013-07-01 - Earthworm Invaders. Smithsonian ecologist Melissa McCormick on how most earthworms in US soils are non-native and are reshaping American forests.
2013-07-10 - Soybean field soil structure, black and white. CAPTION: The soil structure in Bill Nelson’s fields in Lake County, S.D., has organic matter (dark, rich color) and live roots extending way down,” says NRCS Conservation Agronomist Eric Barsness, Bro.
2013-07-10 - Soybean Field with Healthy Soil. CAPTION: The soil structure in Bill Nelson’s fields in Lake County, S.D., U.S.A, has organic matter (dark, rich color) and live roots extending way down,” says NRCS Conservation Agronomist Eric Barsne.
2013-07-11 - Acelerógrafo del Laboratorio de Ingenería Sísmica de la Universidad de Costa Rica
2013-07-12 - Treasures from the Royal Tombs of Ur. The Penn Museum on the objects Leonard Woolley recovered from the Sumerian royal cemetery in the 1920s.
2013-07-12 - General Seismology. Goran Ekstrom's long-form lecture on seismology as the discipline that reads Earth's interior.
2013-08-19 - Copper mining and smelting at Bingham Canyon. Mid-twentieth-century industrial film showing how ore was won and processed at the Bingham Canyon copper mine in Utah.
2013-09-27 - Martel's first exploration of the Gouffre de Padirac, 1889. Extract from Bernd Kliebhan's Arte film on Edouard-Alfred Martel's underground explorations, covering his 1889 descent into Padirac.
2013-10-14 - Senghenydd colliery disaster: 100 years on. Channel 4 News reports from Senghenydd in south Wales, where 439 men died in 1913 in Britain's worst mining disaster.
2014-03-26 - Yes, Yellowstone Is a Volcano. The Scientist-in-Charge of the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory explains how the volcanic system beneath the park is known and monitored.
2014-04-02 - What Is Groundwater?. KQED's animated primer on where groundwater sits underground, where it comes from and where it goes.
2014-04-10 - A Close-Up of the Creatures Living Beneath the Soil. BBC microphotography of the mites, springtails and worms in a handful of soil.
2014-04-17 - Tesoro 2014-04-17 17-12-14. Cueva del Tesoro Karst en Yeso de Sorbas Sorbas (Almería).
2014-04-17 - Tesoro 2014-04-17 17-09-14. Cueva del Tesoro Karst en Yeso de Sorbas Sorbas (Almería).
2014-04-24 - What does healthy soil look like? Photos from Davison County, SD photo 1 of 2. Heidi Rients, District Conservationist with the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), Mitchell, SD serving Davison and Hanson Counties, was on a field visit April 24, 2014. Heidi and Soi.
2014-05-01 - Samizdat, civil disobedience and the Helsinki process. Gabor Demszky at the Library of Congress on the underground press and the subculture around it.
2014-05-05 - What the Deepest Hole in the World Taught Us. SciShow explains who drilled the Kola borehole, why, and what the rock cores actually revealed about the crust.
2014-06-12 - Konglomerathöhle Rohrendorf PLDC0113. This media shows the natural monument in Lower Austria with the ID KR-069.
2014-06-19 - Earthworm in a No-till Field near Brookings, SD. Photo shows an earthworm on the soil surface in a no-till field near Brookings, SD. The soil is in good condition although several heavy rains during June 2014 had saturated the field which the farmer.
2014-06-24 - CMG-40T Triaxial Broadband Seismometer. Triaxial Broadband Seismometer model CMG-40T by Güralp Systems Limited at Weston Observatory in Massachusetts, USA.
2014-06-24 - Instruments for Students at Weston Observatory. Seismometer and other instruments for science education and public outreach.
2014-09-26 - Robert Christiansen on Half a Century of Yellowstone Geology. The USGS emeritus geologist whose mapping revealed the scale of the Yellowstone caldera describes his career from the 1960s onward.
2014-10-06 - The Catacomb of Priscilla, Rome. Smarthistory reads the painting programme of a late 2nd to 4th century Christian catacomb.
2014-10-29 - Europe's oldest known cave paintings. Brian Cox visits the earliest dated painted caves in Europe for Human Universe.
2014-11-03 - Mexico's giant crystal cave explained. How the chemistry of the Naica cave produced the world's largest crystals in an environment survivable only for minutes.
2014-11-29 - Big Four Ice Caves. Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest, North Cascade Mountains, Washing. A hiker scrambles near the waterfall at the far end of the Big Four ice caves. Please note that the Forest Service strongly discourages or bars hikers from entering the caves due to the ever-present h.
2015-02-04 - Disappearing ground: karst, sinkholes and caves. Museum lecture by Arkansas master naturalist Denis Dean on the karst underground of the Ozarks, recorded January 2015.
2015-02-07 - The Layers of the Earth and Who Found Them. IRIS on how crust, mantle and core were each identified, and the difference between crust and tectonic plate.
2015-02-16 - Marion Steam Shovel Co.. Persistent URL: contentdm.lib.miamioh.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p... Subject: machinery industry; industrial facilities; factories; steam shovels; Ohio--Marion; miami digital collections; bowd.
2015-02-16 - Marion Steam Shovel Co. Plant. Persistent URL: contentdm.lib.miamioh.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p... Subject: machinery industry; industrial facilities; factories; steam shovels; Ohio--Marion; miami digital collections; bowd.
2015-03-06 - The moment the remains were found. Archaeologist Mathew Morris uncovers a human leg bone on day one of the Leicester dig.

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